陸

陸 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中土金土 (NLGCG), four-corner 7421₄, composition ⿰阝坴)

• 𦸐, 𥨁, 𥲎

• 陆 (Simplified Chinese)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1355, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41708
• Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4134, character 5
• Unihan data for U+9678

• Unihan data for U+F9D3

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *m·ruɡ): semantic 阝 + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ).

Perhaps related to Proto-Wa (*[ʔ]rok, "dry land") (Schuessler, 2007).

陸

1. land; continent; mainland

   登陸／登陆  ―  dēnglù  ―  to land; to go ashore

   陸路／陆路  ―  lùlù  ―  land route

2. land route; surface transport
3. short for 中國大陸／中国大陆 (Zhōngguó dàlù, “mainland China”)

   陸本／陆本  ―  lùběn  ―  Mainland China undergraduate degree

   陸生／陆生  ―  lùshēng  ―  student from mainland China studying in Taiwan

4. short for 陸軍／陆军 (lùjūn, “army”)
5. a surname, Lu

   陸游／陆游  ―  Lù Yóu  ―  Lu You (Southern Song dynasty poet)

• (land route):

• (antonym(s) of “land”): 陸地／陆地 (lùdì)

陸

1. (financial) alternative form of 六 (“six”)

In Min Nan numbers, the vernacular (白) pronunciation is the more common pronunciation, while the literary (文) reading is used for reading numbers out loud, such as in phone numbers. Please note that this usage is similar to the usage of the variant 幺 for the numeral 一 in Mandarin.

陸

1. (Hokkien) alternative form of 碌 (le̍k, “tired; to become tired (from something)”)

   陸路／陆路  ―  le̍k-lō͘  ―  to become tired after travelling

   陸腸陸肚／陆肠陆肚  ―  le̍k-tn̂g-le̍k-tō͘  ―  to work very hard

   無陸水錢／无陆水钱  ―  bô-le̍k-súi-chîⁿ  ―  quick money; money earned without effort

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. land
2. (financial, archaic) six

• Go-on: ろく (roku)
• Kan-on: りく (riku, Jōyō)
• Kun: おか (oka, 陸)^{←をか (woka, 陸, historical)}、くが (kuga, 陸)
• Nanori: たち (tachi)、みち (michi)、む (mu)、むつ (mutsu)

• (six): 六

Originally referred to "flat" in reference to flat land, in turn the core meaning of the kanji character.^[1][2]

The alternative 碌 spelling is an example of ateji.^[1][2][3][4]

First attested in the 羅葡日辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Dictionary”) of 1595.^[1]

• (Tokyo) ろく [ròkú] (Heiban – [0])^[2][4][5]
• IPA^(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟]

陸(ろく) • (roku) -na (adnominal 陸(ろく)な (roku na), adverbial 陸(ろく)に (roku ni))

1. [from 1595] flat, not steep
   • 1603, 日葡辞書 [Nippo Jisho, Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary]‎^[5], page 212:

     Rocuna michi.

     Rocuna michi.

     Flat road.

2. [from roughly 1600] straightforward, uncomplicated, straight, correct
3. [from roughly 1600] (chiefly in the negative) correct, right, complete, sufficient, satisfactory, proper

   ろくでもない人(じん)物(ぶつ)、ろくに休(やす)みも取(と)れない

   roku de mo nai jinbutsu, roku ni yasumi mo torenai

   a person who isn't right, a good-for-nothing / can't even fully take a break

4. [from late 1600s] peaceful, tranquil, serene (said of one's surroundings)
5. [from 1700] even-tempered, easygoing, relaxed

陸(ろく) • (roku) 

1. [from 1595] flatness
2. [from roughly 1600] straightforwardness, uncomplicatedness, straightness, correctness
3. [from roughly 1600] (mostly used in negative expressions) correctness, rightness, completeness, sufficientness, satisfactoriness, properness
4. [from late 1600s] peacefulness, tranquility, serenity (said of one's surroundings)
5. [from 1700] an even temper, easygoingness, relaxedness

Substitute spelling for 六 (roku, “six”),^[6][2] likely borrowed from similar usage of written Chinese 陸 / 陆 (“six”).

• (Tokyo) ろく [ròkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟]

陸(ろく) • (roku) 

1. (financial, archaic) the number six, 6 (used only in legal documents, otherwise 六)

Legal uses arose due to the relative ease with which certain number kanji can be fraudulently altered to look like other number kanji. For instance, 一 (ichi, “one”) could be modified to look like 六 (roku, “six”), but it cannot be modified to look like 陸 (roku, “six”, in legal contexts).

• 大字 (daiji, “big character”, more-complicated kanji used as phonetic replacements for simpler numeric kanji, in order to prevent fraudulent modification)

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 陸 (MC ljuwk). First attested in Japanese as a standalone noun in a text from the mid-1400s.^[7]

• (Tokyo) りく [rìkú] (Heiban – [0])^[2][4][5]
• (Tokyo) りく [rìkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[2][4]
• IPA^(key): [ɾʲikɯ̟]

陸(りく) • (riku) 

1. [from mid-1400s] land (as opposed to sea or other bodies of water)

   Synonyms: 陸地 (rikuchi), おか (oka), くにが (kuniga), くぬが (kunuga), くが (kuga)

(The following entry does not have a page created for it yet: くぬが.)

From Middle Chinese 陸 (MC ljuwk).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɾjuk̚] ~ [juk̚]
• Phonetic hangul: [륙/육]

Wikisource

陸 (eumhun 뭍 륙 (mut ryuk), word-initial (South Korea) 뭍 육 (mut yuk))

1. hanja form^? of 륙/육 (“(dry) land”) [affix]

陸 (eumhun 여섯 륙 (yeoseot ryuk), word-initial (South Korea) 여섯 육 (yeoseot yuk))

1. (financial) alternative form of 六 (“hanja form^? of 륙/육 (“six”)”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [7]

陸: Hán Nôm readings: lục

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