偄

偄	U+5044, 偄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5044

← 偃
[U+5043]

CJK Unified Ideographs

偅 →
[U+5045]

Translingual

Han character

偄 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人一月大 (OMBK), composition ⿰亻耎)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 109, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 831
Dae Jaweon: page 233, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 188, character 7
Unihan data for U+5044

Chinese

simp. and trad.		偄

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (耎) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
陾	njɯ, noːʔ
腝	nuːs, njonʔ, *nuːns
堧	noːls, njon
稬	noːls, noːnʔ, *noːns
愞	noːls, noːns, *njonʔ
煗	*noːnʔ
餪	*noːnʔ
渜	noːnʔ, noːns
偄	noːns, njonʔ
瑌	njon, njonʔ
軟	*njonʔ
輭	*njonʔ
蝡	njonʔ, njunʔ
碝	*njonʔ
耎	*njonʔ
緛	*njonʔ
媆	*nuːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *noːns, *njonʔ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 耎 (OC *njonʔ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ruǎn (ruan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ruǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ruǎn
  - Wade–Giles: juan³
  - Yale: rwǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: roan
  - Palladius: жуань (žuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯än²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jyun⁵
  - Yale: yúhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yun⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn¹³/

Middle Chinese: nywenX, nwanH

Rime
Character	偄	偄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	而兖切	奴亂切
Baxter	nywenX	nwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiuᴇn^X/	/nuɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵʷiɛn^X/	/nʷɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjuæn^X/	/nuɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵwian^X/	/nwan^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiuɛn^X/	/nuɑn^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭwɛn^X/	/nuɑn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯wɛn^X/	/nuɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ruǎn	nuàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun⁵	nyun⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*noːns/, /*njonʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	偄	偄
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10896	10910
Phonetic component	耎	耎
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime		輭
Old Chinese	/*noːns/	/*njonʔ/

Definitions

偄

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) weak
(historical dictionaries only) to respect

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 偄 – see 儒 (“scholar; learned person; Confucian; Ruist; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 儒).

References

Japanese

Kanji

偄

(Hyōgai kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): だん (dan)、なん (nan)
Kun: よわい (yowai)

Korean

Hanja

偄 • (nan, yeon) (hangeul 난, 연, revised nan, yeon, McCune–Reischauer nan, yŏn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.