天文

Chinese

day; sky; heaven
language; culture; writing
language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle
 
simp. and trad.
(天文) 		天 文

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Literally, “heavenly patterns”, further defined by Morgan & Chaussende (2019) as "the study of heaven that deals with observation, cosmology (above), observational instruments, star charts, star catalogues, omen interpretation (zhan 占) and omenological record-keeping."[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

天文

  1. astronomy
  2. (literary) celestial objects (stars, moon etc.); the heavens

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of “astronomy”): 地理 (dìlǐ)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (天文):
  • → Japanese: 天文(てんもん) (tenmon); 天文(てんぶん) (tenbun)
  • → Korean: 천문(天文) (cheonmun)
  • → Vietnamese: thiên văn (天文)

References

  1. ^ Morgan, Danial Patrick, Chaussende, Damien (2019) “Introduction”, in Morgan, D. P. & Chaussende, D., editors, Monographs in Tang Official Historiography (Why the Sciences of the Ancient World Matter), Springer Publishing, Appendix, pages 1-25

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
天 文
てん
Grade: 1 		もん
Grade: 1
on'yomi goon

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Middle Chinese 天文 (MC then mjun, literally “heavens + patterns”). Compare modern Cantonese reading tin1 man4.

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) てんもん [tèńmóń] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [tẽ̞mːõ̞ɴ]

Noun

天(てん)文(もん) • (tenmon) 

  1. (colloquial) astronomy
    Synonym: (more formal) 天文学 (tenmongaku)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
天 文
てん
Grade: 1 		ぶん
Grade: 1
on'yomi kan'on

From Middle Chinese 天文 (MC then mjun, literally “heavens + patterns”). Likely a later borrowing. Compare modern Min Nan reading thian-bûn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [tẽ̞mbɯ̟̃ɴ]

Noun

天(てん)文(ぶん) • (tenbun) 

  1. (rare, possibly obsolete) astronomy (see the tenmon reading above)

Proper noun

天(てん)文(ぶん) • (Tenbun) 

  1. the Tenbun era, 1532–1555
See also

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
天文

Noun

天文 • (cheonmun) (hangeul 천문)

  1. hanja form? of 천문 (“astronomy”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
天文

Noun

天文

  1. chữ Hán form of thiên văn (“astronomy”)
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