娛樂

See also: 娯楽 and 娱乐

Chinese

		amuse	music; happy; laugh music; happy; laugh; cheerful
trad. (娛樂)		娛	樂
simp. (娱乐)		娱	乐

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yúlè

(Zhuyin): ㄩˊ ㄌㄜˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyu⁴ lok⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): ngui³ lok⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): ngu-lo̍k

(Hailu, HRS): ngu^˖ log^ˋ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gy² lorh⁷
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): gû-lo̍k / gî-lo̍k / gô͘-lo̍k / ngô͘-lo̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): u⁵ lag⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gniu-loq; ⁶yu-loq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yúlè
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˊ ㄌㄜˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yúlè
  - Wade–Giles: yü²-lê⁴
  - Yale: yú-lè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuleh
  - Palladius: юйлэ (jujlɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jyu⁴ lok⁶
  - Yale: yùh lohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴ lok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴ log⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹ lɔːk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: ngui³ lok⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵑɡui²² lɔk̚³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngu-lo̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngu log
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngu⁴ log⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋu⁵⁵ lok̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngu^˖ log^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋu³³ lok²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gy² lorh⁷ [Phonetic: gy⁵ lorh⁷]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gṳ́-lo̤̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ky¹³⁻¹¹ lɒʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gy² lorh⁷ [Phonetic: gy⁵ lorh⁷]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ky²⁴⁻²¹ lɒʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gû-lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gû-lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gulok
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡu²³⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɡu²⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gî-lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gî-lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: gilok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡi¹³⁻²² lɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gô͘-lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: gôo-lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: golok
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɡɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔ²³⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngô͘-lo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ngôo-lo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngolok
  - IPA (Taipei): /ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ lɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋɔ̃²³⁻³³ lɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: u⁵ lag⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: û la̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /u⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lak̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶gniu-loq; ⁶yu-loq
  - MiniDict: nyu^去 loh; yu^去 loh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³nyy-loq; ³hhy-loq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲy²² loʔ⁴⁴/, /ɦy²² loʔ⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: ngju|nguH lak

Rime
Character	娛	娛	樂
Reading #	1/2	2/2	3/3
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	模 (23)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I	I
Fanqie	虞俱切	五故切	盧各切
Baxter	ngju	nguH	lak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨo/	/ŋuo^H/	/lɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋio/	/ŋuo^H/	/lɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋio/	/ŋo^H/	/lɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuə̆/	/ŋɔ^H/	/lak̚/
Li Rong	/ŋio/	/ŋo^H/	/lɑk̚/
Wang Li	/ŋĭu/	/ŋu^H/	/lɑk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯u/	/ŋuo^H/	/lɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	wù	luò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu⁴	ng⁶	lok⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋʷ(r)a [r]ˤawk/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋʷaːs|ŋʷa raːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	娛	樂
Reading #	1/1	2/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú	lè
Middle Chinese	‹ ngju ›	‹ lak ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋʷ(r)a/	/*[r]ˁawk/
English	rejoice	joy; enjoy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	娛	娛	樂
Reading #	1/2	2/2	2/3
No.	13101	13104	7673
Phonetic component	吴	吴	樂
Rime group	魚	魚	藥
Rime subdivision	0	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	誤		落
Old Chinese	/*ŋʷaːs/	/*ŋʷa/	/*raːwɢ/