廉恥

See also: 廉耻 and 破廉恥

Chinese

		uncorrupt; inexpensive	shame; disgrace
trad. (廉恥)		廉	恥
simp. (廉耻)		廉	耻

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liánchǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄔˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lim⁴ ci²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): liàm-chhṳ́

(Hailu, HRS): liam chi^ˊ
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): liâm-thí

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liánchǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄔˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liánchǐh
  - Wade–Giles: lien²-chʻih³
  - Yale: lyán-chř
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lianchyy
  - Palladius: ляньчи (ljanʹči)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lim⁴ ci²
  - Yale: lìhm chí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lim⁴ tsi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: lim⁴ qi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːm²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liàm-chhṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: liam^ˇ cii^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liam² ci³
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯am¹¹ t͡sʰɨ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: liam chi^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /liam⁵⁵ t͡ʃʰi²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâm-thí
  - Tâi-lô: liâm-thí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liamtie
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liam²⁴⁻²² tʰi⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liam¹³⁻²² tʰi⁵³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liam²⁴⁻²² tʰi⁵³/

Middle Chinese: ljem trhiX

Rime
Character	廉	恥
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	力鹽切	敕里切
Baxter	ljem	trhiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇm/	/ʈʰɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛm/	/ʈʰɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ljæm/	/ȶʰie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liam/	/ʈʰɨ^X/
Li Rong	/liɛm/	/ȶʰiə^X/
Wang Li	/lĭɛm/	/ȶʰĭə^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/li̯ɛm/	/ȶʰi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lián	chǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lim⁴	ci²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*(k-)rem n̥rəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·rem n̥ʰɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	廉	恥
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lián	chǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ ljem ›	‹ trhi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*(k-)rem/	/*n̥rəʔ/
English	frugal	shame; ashamed
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	廉	恥
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6042	2780
Phonetic component	兼	耳
Rime group	談	之
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	廉	恥
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·rem/	/*n̥ʰɯʔ/

Noun

廉恥

integrity and a sense of honour

Derived terms

勿要廉恥 / 勿要廉耻

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (廉恥):

→ Japanese: 廉(れん)恥(ち) (renchi)
→ Korean: 렴치(廉恥) (ryeomchi), 염치(廉恥) (yeomchi)
→ Vietnamese: liêm sỉ (廉恥)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
廉	恥
れん Grade: S	ち Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɾẽ̞ɲ̟t͡ɕi]

Noun

廉(れん)恥(ち) • (renchi)

sense of honor, integrity

Korean

Hanja in this term
廉	恥

Proper noun

廉恥 • (yeomchi) (hangeul 염치)

hanja form^? of 염치 (“sense of honour”)