汐

汐	U+6C50, 汐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C50

← 汏
[U+6C4F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

汑 →
[U+6C51]

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order

汐 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水弓戈 (ENI), four-corner 3712₀, composition ⿰氵夕)

Derived characters

𡋆

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 605, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17122
Dae Jaweon: page 998, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1554, character 2
Unihan data for U+6C50

Chinese

trad.		汐
simp. ^#		汐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (夕) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
夕	*ljaːɡ
汐	*ljaːɡ
穸	*ljaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ljaːɡ): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ).

Etymology

From 夕 (OC *ljaːɡ, “evening”). Compare 潮 (OC *r'ew, “morning tide; tide”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xī, xì

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧ, ㄒㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zik⁶
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sih⁷
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): se̍k
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zhiq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xī
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: si
  - Wade–Giles: hsi¹
  - Yale: syī
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shi
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xì
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sì
  - Wade–Giles: hsi⁴
  - Yale: syì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shih
  - Palladius: си (si)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zik⁶
  - Yale: jihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɪk̚²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: sih⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: si̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiʔ⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: se̍k
  - Tâi-lô: si̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sek
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪk̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁸zhiq
  - MiniDict: zhih^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵xxiq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑiɪʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: zjek

Rime
Character	汐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	祥易切
Baxter	zjek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ziæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ziajk̚/
Li Rong	/ziɛk̚/
Wang Li	/zĭɛk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zik⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ljaːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	汐
Reading #	1/1
No.	13228
Phonetic component	夕
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	席
Old Chinese	/*ljaːɡ/
Notes	見管子

Definitions

汐

evening tide; night tides; ebb
潮汐 ― cháoxī ― morning and evening tides; tide, wave

Compounds

汐止 (Xīzhǐ)
潮汐 (cháoxī)
潮汐預報 / 潮汐预报

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “汐”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 250.

Japanese

Kanji

汐

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じゃく (jaku)^{←じやく (zyaku, historical)}
Kan-on: せき (seki)
Kun: うしお (ushio, 汐)^{←うしほ (usifo, 汐, historical)}、しお (shio, 汐)^{←しおほ (siofo, 汐, historical)}
Nanori: いそ (iso)、せい (sei)

Usage notes

Both 汐 and 潮 have the kun-readings of shio and ushio. Archaically, 夕汐(ゆうしお) (yūshio) was used to mean tides during the night, and 朝潮(あさしお) (asashio) was used for tides in the morning. For tides at any time of day, the compound chōseki may be used, below.

Compounds

潮(ちょう)汐(せき) (chōseki, “tide”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
汐
しお Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
潮

Noun

For pronunciation and definitions of 汐 – see the following entry.

【潮しお】6	[noun] a (morning) tide [noun] seawater [noun] a (usually favorable) chance or opportunity [noun] charm, attractiveness [noun] (historical) in the Edo period, name of a courtesan rank in the Shinmachi district of Osaka, next to the 鹿恋 (kakoi). [proper noun] a surname [proper noun] a female given name
【潮しほ】6	[proper noun] a surname [proper noun] a female given name

(This term, 汐, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 汐 (MC zjek). Recorded as Middle Korean 셕〮 (syék) (Yale: syek) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

汐 (eumhun 조수 석 (josu seok))

hanja form^? of 석 (“night tides”)

Compounds

조석 (潮汐, joseok)
조석력 (潮汐力, joseongnyeok)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

汐: Hán Nôm readings: tách, tịch

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville