狂人

Chinese

		conceited; mad	man; person; people
simp. and trad. (狂人)		狂	人

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuángrén

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kwong⁴ jan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khòng-ngìn
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kông-jîn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuángrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuángrén
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuang²-jên²
  - Yale: kwáng-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwangren
  - Palladius: куанжэнь (kuanžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kwong⁴ jan⁴
  - Yale: kwòhng yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwong⁴ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuong⁴ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɔːŋ²¹ jɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khòng-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: kong^ˇ ngin^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kong² ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰoŋ¹¹ ŋin¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kông-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: kông-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kongjiin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kɔŋ²⁴⁻²² d͡zin²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔŋ²⁴⁻²² d͡zin²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zin¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ d͡zin²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³/

Middle Chinese: gjwang nyin

Rime
Character	狂	人
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	巨王切	如鄰切
Baxter	gjwang	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡʉɐŋ/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷiɐŋ/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuɑŋ/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/guaŋ/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/ɡiuaŋ/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwaŋ/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/giwaŋ/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuáng	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwong⁴	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaŋ njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狂	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuáng	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ gjwang ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	mad, reckless	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狂	人
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	12732	10800
Phonetic component	王	人
Rime group	陽	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	狂	仁
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷaŋ/	/*njin/

Noun

狂人

(literary) maniac; lunatic

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 瘋子 (“lunatic; mad person”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		狂人
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		瘋子, 瘋人
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	瘋子
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	瘋子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	瘋子, 瘋漢
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	痴子
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	瘋子
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	瘋子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	瘋子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	瘋子
	Wuhan	瘋子, 魔氣, 八面威, 八面
	Guilin	瘋子, 癲子
	Pingle	瘋子, 癲子
	Liuzhou	癲子, 癲婆 woman, 癲崽 man
	Luzhai	瘋子, 癲子
	Dagudi (Maliba)	瘋人
	Reshuitang (Longling)	瘋子
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	瘋人
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	瘋人
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	瘋子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	瘋子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	癲佬 man, 癲婆 woman, 癲仔 boy, 癲女 girl, 傻佬 man
	Hong Kong	癲佬 man, 癲婆 woman, 黐線佬 man, 黐線婆 woman, 傻佬 man, 傻婆 woman
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	癲佬
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	發癲佬
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	癲佬
	Yangjiang	戇佬 man, 戇婆 woman, 戇仔 boy, 戇妹 girl
	Beihai	癲佬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	癲仔, 癲佬
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	癲佬
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	癲仔, 癲佬
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	癲佬
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	癲佬
	Móng Cái	癲仔, 癲佬
Gan	Nanchang	瘋子
Gan	Pingxiang	癲子, 癲婆子 woman
Hakka	Meixian	癲仔, 癲鬼, 癲牯 man, 癲嫲 woman
	Hong Kong	發癲佬, 懵佬
	Senai (Huiyang)	戇佬
Jin	Taiyuan	瘋子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	發癲仔, 發癲婆 woman
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	癲脬
Southern Min	Xiamen	痟的, 神經的
	Quanzhou	痟的, 神經的
	Zhangzhou	魔神仔, 魔的, 神經的
	Tainan	痟的
	Singapore (Hokkien)	痟囝
	Chaozhou	痟
	Shantou	痟囝
	Bangkok (Teochew)	痟儂
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	痟儂
	Leizhou	妃戇
Puxian Min	Putian	痟神
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	癲佬
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	癲崽 man
Wu	Shanghai	痴子, 瘋子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	痴子
	Suzhou	痴子
	Danyang	瘋子
	Wenzhou	癲人
	Jinhua	癲鬼兒 man, 癲婆 woman
Xiang	Changsha	癲子, 瘋子, 八面子
	Loudi	癲子, 癲婆子 woman
	Shuangfeng	癲子

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (狂人):

→ Japanese: 狂人(きょうじん) (kyōjin)
→ Korean: 광인(狂人) (gwang'in)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
狂	人
きょう Grade: S	じん Grade: 1
kan'on

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きょーじん [kyòójíń] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːʑĩɴ]

Noun

狂(きょう)人(じん) • (kyōjin) ^{←きやうじん (kyauzin)^?}

lunatic, madman
- 2012 March 30, mothy [mothy], “針音ノ時計塔 [Handbeat Clocktower]”‎^{niconico VocaDB} ft. KAITO [KAITO] and 歌愛ユキ:
  
  もう狂(きょう)人(じん)しかいない　針(シン)音(オン)ノ時(ト)計(ケイ)塔(トウ)
  Mō kyōjin shika inai Shin'on no Tokeitō
  Now there are only madmen in the Handbeat Clocktower

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
狂	人

Noun

狂人 • (gwang'in) (hangeul 광인)

hanja form^? of 광인

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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