甲子

Chinese

		1st heavenly stem; armour; shell	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
simp. and trad. (甲子)		甲	子

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiǎzǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄗˇ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gaap³ zi²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gap² du²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kap-chṳ́

(Hailu, HRS): gab zii^ˊ
Jin (Wiktionary): jiah⁴ zi²
Eastern Min (BUC): gák-cṳ̄
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor⁶ zi³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kah-chí / kah-chú / kah-chír
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷ciaq-tsy

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiǎzǐ [Phonetic: jiázǐ]
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄗˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiǎzǐh
  - Wade–Giles: chia³-tzŭ³
  - Yale: jyǎ-dž
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeatzyy
  - Palladius: цзяцзы (czjaczy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gaap³ zi²
  - Yale: gaap jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaap⁸ dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gab³ ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːp̚³ t͡siː³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    夾子 / 夹子
    甲子
    鴿子 / 鸽子
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gap² du²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kap̚⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kap-chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: gab^ˋ zii^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gab⁵ zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /kap̚² t͡sɨ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: gab zii^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /kap⁵⁻² t͡sɨ²⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jiah⁴ zi²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiaʔ²⁻⁴⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gák-cṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sy³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gor⁶ zi³ [Phonetic: gor¹ li³]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gō̤-cî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ¹¹⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)li⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gor⁶ zi³ [Phonetic: gor¹ li³]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ²¹⁻⁵⁵ ^(t͡s-)li³³²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah-chí
  - Tâi-lô: kah-tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kahcie
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡si⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka(ʔ)⁵ t͡si⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡si⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah-chú
  - Tâi-lô: kah-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kahzuo
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kah-chír
  - Tâi-lô: kah-tsír
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ka(ʔ)⁵ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷ciaq-tsy
  - MiniDict: ciah^入 tsy
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴jiaq-tsr
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiaʔ³³ t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

Noun

甲子

The first term of the Chinese sexagenary cycle, sometimes glossed as "Wood Rat" from its associated terms in the Chinese elements and zodiac.
A full or completed set of the sexagenary cycle.

Coordinate terms

(Chinese sexagenary cycle terms) 干支 (gānzhī); 甲子 (jiǎzǐ), 乙丑 (yǐchǒu), 丙寅 (bǐngyín), 丁卯 (dīngmǎo), 戊辰 (wùchén), 己巳 (jǐsì), 庚午 (gēngwǔ), 辛未 (xīnwèi), 壬申 (rénshēn), 癸酉 (guǐyǒu), 甲戌 (jiǎxū), 乙亥 (yǐhài), 丙子 (bǐngzǐ), 丁丑 (dīngchǒu), 戊寅 (wùyín), 己卯 (jǐmǎo), 庚辰 (gēngchén), 辛巳 (xīnsì), 壬午 (rénwǔ), 癸未 (guǐwèi), 甲申 (jiǎshēn), 乙酉 (yǐyǒu), 丙戌 (bǐngxū), 丁亥 (dīnghài), 戊子 (wùzǐ), 己丑 (jǐchǒu), 庚寅 (gēngyín), 辛卯 (xīnmǎo), 壬辰 (rénchén), 癸巳 (guǐsì), 甲午 (jiǎwǔ), 乙未 (yǐwèi), 丙申 (bǐngshēn), 丁酉 (dīngyǒu), 戊戌 (wùxū), 己亥 (jǐhài), 庚子 (gēngzǐ), 辛丑 (xīnchǒu), 壬寅 (rényín), 癸卯 (guǐmǎo), 甲辰 (jiǎchén), 乙巳 (yǐsì), 丙午 (bǐngwǔ), 丁未 (dīngwèi), 戊申 (wùshēn), 己酉 (jǐyǒu), 庚戌 (gēngxū), 辛亥 (xīnhài), 壬子 (rénzǐ), 癸丑 (guǐchǒu), 甲寅 (jiǎyín), 乙卯 (yǐmǎo), 丙辰 (bǐngchén), 丁巳 (dīngsì), 戊午 (wùwǔ), 己未 (jǐwèi), 庚申 (gēngshēn), 辛酉 (xīnyǒu), 壬戌 (rénxū), 癸亥 (guǐhài) ^{(Category: zh:Chinese sexagenary cycle terms)}

Derived terms

一甲子 (yījiǎzǐ)

Proper noun

甲子

(～鎮) Jiazi (a town in Lufeng, Shanwei, Guangdong, China)
(～鎮) Jiazi (a town in Qiongshan district, Haikou, Hainan, China)

References

莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “甲子”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 227.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
甲	子
きのえ Grade: S	ね Grade: 1
kun'yomi

The combination of the celestial stem 甲 (kinoe) and the earthly branch 子 (ne, “rat”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きのえね [kìnóéné] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [kʲino̞e̞ne̞]

Noun

甲(きのえ)子(ね) • (kinoene)

Wood Rat, the first term of the sexagenary cycle
Hypernym: 干支

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
甲	子
こう Grade: S	し Grade: 1
kan'on	on'yomi

Kanji in this term
甲	子
かぶと > かっ Grade: S	し Grade: 1
irregular	on'yomi

The combination of the celestial stem 甲 (kinoe) and the earthly branch 子 (ne, “rat”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かっし [káꜜsshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ɕːi]

(Tokyo) こーし [kóꜜòshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːɕi]

Noun

甲(こう)子(し) or 甲(かっ)子(し) • (kōshi or kasshi)

Wood Rat, the first term of the sexagenary cycle
Hypernym: 干支

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 “甲子”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

Korean

Hanja in this term
甲	子

Proper noun

甲子 • (Gapja) (hangeul 갑자)

hanja form^? of 갑자 (“Wood Rat, the first in the sexagenary cycle”)

References

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
甲	子

Noun

甲子

chữ Hán form of Giáp Tý

Zhuang

Noun

甲子

Sawndip form of gyapceij

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK5-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NKD2-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 “甲子”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here

[1]

[2]

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