磕

磕	U+78D5, 磕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-78D5

← 磔
[U+78D4]

CJK Unified Ideographs

磖 →
[U+78D6]

Translingual

Han character

磕 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一口土戈廿 (MRGIT), four-corner 1461₇, composition ⿰石盍)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 835, character 5
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24407
Dae Jaweon: page 1252, character 11
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2446, character 10
Unihan data for U+78D5

Chinese

simp. and trad.		磕
alternative forms		礚𥕤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 磕
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (盍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蓋	kaːbs, kaːb, *ɡaːb
盖	*kaːbs
溘	kʰaːbs, kʰoːb, *kʰaːb
搕	*qoːb
嗑	kaːb, ɡaːb
榼	*kʰaːb
磕	kʰaːb, kʰaːd
瞌	*kʰaːb
盍	*ɡaːb
闔	*ɡaːb
篕	*ɡaːb
熆	*ɡaːb
鰪	*qaːb
廅	*qaːb
圔	*qroːb
饁	*ɢrab

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰaːb, *kʰaːd): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): kē, kě (ke¹, ke³)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄜ, ㄎㄜˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): кә (kə, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶ / ham² / koi³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kha̍p / nga̍p

(Hailu, HRS): kab^ˋ / ngab^ˋ
Eastern Min (BUC): káuk / kŏk
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): kah⁷ / korh⁷ / keh⁷
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khap / kha̍p
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷kheq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kē
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ke
  - Wade–Giles: kʻo¹
  - Yale: kē
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ke
  - Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kě
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄜˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kě
  - Wade–Giles: kʻo³
  - Yale: kě
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kee
  - Palladius: кэ (kɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɤ²¹⁴/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: кә (kə, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰə²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hap⁶ / ham² / koi³
  - Yale: hahp / hám / koi
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹ / ham² / koi³
  - Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶ / hem² / koi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚²/, /hɐm³⁵/, /kʰɔːi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kha̍p / nga̍p
  - Hakka Romanization System: kab / ngab
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kab⁶ / ngab⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰap̚⁵/, /ŋap̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: kab^ˋ / ngab^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰap²/, /ŋap²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: káuk / kŏk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑuʔ²⁴/, /kʰouʔ⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: kah⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ka̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰaʔ⁴/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: korh⁷
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ko̤̍h
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɒʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: keh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɛʔ⁴/

Note:

kah7 - literary;
korh7 - vernacular (e.g. 磕頭);
keh7 - vernacular (e.g. 磕巴).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khap
  - Tâi-lô: khap
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qab
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰap̚⁵/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kʰap̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kha̍p
  - Tâi-lô: kha̍p
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qap
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰap̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰap̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰap̚¹²¹/

Note:

khap - literary;
kha̍p - vernacular (俗) (“to knock sth. against a hard surface; to hurt”).

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁷kheq
  - MiniDict: kheh^入
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴kheq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰəʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: khajH, khat, khap

Rime
Character	磕	磕	磕
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	泰 (25)	曷 (63)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	苦蓋切	苦曷切	苦盍切
Baxter	khajH	khat	khap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɑi^H/	/kʰɑt̚/	/kʰɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰɑi^H/	/kʰɑt̚/	/kʰɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɑi^H/	/kʰɑt̚/	/kʰɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰaj^H/	/kʰat̚/	/kʰap̚/
Li Rong	/kʰɑi^H/	/kʰɑt̚/	/kʰɑp̚/
Wang Li	/kʰɑi^H/	/kʰɑt̚/	/kʰɑp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰɑi^H/	/kʰɑt̚/	/kʰɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kài	ke	ke
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hoi³	hot³	hap³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰaːb/, /*kʰaːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	磕	磕
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5077	5090
Phonetic component	盍	盍
Rime group	盍	月
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	榼	渴
Old Chinese	/*kʰaːb/	/*kʰaːd/

Definitions

磕

to knock sth. against a hard surface; to dash against a stone
to knock an item off another item by hitting them against a hard surface
to kowtow
(dialect, figurative) to fight
(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to hurt; to malign; to slander

Compounds

反磕兒 / 反磕儿
可磕擦
啻啻磕磕
嗓磕
外磕腳 / 外磕脚 (Wàikējiǎo)
愣頭磕腦 / 愣头磕脑
燒香磕頭 / 烧香磕头
獃磕磕 / 呆磕磕
磕巴 (kēba)
磕打 (kēda)
磕擦
磕牙
磕牙料嘴
磕睡
磕碰 (kēpèng)
磕碰兒 / 磕碰儿
磕磕撞撞
磕磕絆絆 / 磕磕绊绊
磕磣 / 磕碜 (kēchen)
磕素頭 / 磕素头
磕腦 / 磕脑
磕膝蓋 / 磕膝盖
磕過頭的 / 磕过头的
磕響頭 / 磕响头 (kē xiǎngtóu)
磕頭 / 磕头 (kētóu)
磕頭兒 / 磕头儿
磕頭撞腦 / 磕头撞脑
磕頭燒香 / 磕头烧香
磕頭碰腦 / 磕头碰脑
磕頭蟲 / 磕头虫 (kētóuchóng)
磣磕磕 / 碜磕磕
科牙磕齒 / 科牙磕齿
窣磕
築磕 / 筑磕
築築磕磕 / 筑筑磕磕
虎磕腦 / 虎磕脑
跌磕
閒磕牙 / 闲磕牙

Japanese

Kanji

磕

(Hyōgai kanji)

hit
collide
knock into

Readings

On (unclassified): かい (kai)、こう (kō)、かつ (katsu)、かち (kachi)

Korean

Hanja

磕 • (gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune–Reischauer kae, Yale kay)

Vietnamese

Han character

磕: Hán Nôm readings: khạp

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