芐

See also: 苄

芐	U+8290, 芐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8290

← 芏
[U+828F]

CJK Unified Ideographs

芑 →
[U+8291]

Translingual

Han character

芐 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿一卜 (TMY), four-corner 4423₁, composition ⿱艹下)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1018, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30680
Dae Jaweon: page 1476, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3174, character 10
Unihan data for U+8290

Chinese

trad.		芐
simp. ^#		芐

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (下) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
丅	*ɡraːʔ
下	ɡraːʔ, ɡraːs
芐	ɡraːs, ɡaːʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡraːs, *ɡaːʔ): semantic 艸 (“grass; plant”) + phonetic 下 (OC *ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hù (hu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hù
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hù
  - Wade–Giles: hu⁴
  - Yale: hù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
  - Palladius: ху (xu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: huX, haeH

Rime
Character	芐	芐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	侯古切	胡駕切
Baxter	huX	haeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo^X/	/ɦˠa^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo^X/	/ɦᵚa^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo^X/	/ɣa^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ^X/	/ɦaɨ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣo^X/	/ɣa^H/
Wang Li	/ɣu^X/	/ɣa^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo^X/	/ɣa^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hù	xià
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁶	haa⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤra-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡraːs/, /*ɡaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	芐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xià
Middle Chinese	‹ hæ^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁra-s/
English	rush, sedge
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芐	芐
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13447	13448
Phonetic component	下	下
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	暇	戸
Old Chinese	/*ɡraːs/	/*ɡaːʔ/
Notes	見禮記

Definitions

芐

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) a kind of medicinal herb

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xià (xia⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xià
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sià
  - Wade–Giles: hsia⁴
  - Yale: syà
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiah
  - Palladius: ся (sja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

Definitions

芐

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) mat woven from cattails
A surname.

References

“芐”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–