菫

菫 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿一中一 (TMLM), four-corner 4410₄)

• 𦻠, 𪨒, 𮧧

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1039, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31207
• Dae Jaweon: page 1497, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 5, page 3231, character 2
• Unihan data for U+83EB

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. the violet

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: きん (kin)
• Kun: すみれ (sumire, 菫)

• (Tokyo) すみれ [sùmíré] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sɨmʲiɾe̞]

菫(すみれ) or 菫(スミレ) • (sumire) 

1. Viola mandshurica, a species of violet
2. a viola (any of several flowering plants of the genus Viola)

   Synonym: 菫草 (sumire-gusa)

   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 9, page 48:

     菫菜 本草云、菫菜俗謂之菫葵、上音謹、須美禮

     Violet- The Materia medicia calls them 'violet greens', people commonly call them 'violet mallows', the above sound is jin, Japanese name sumire

   • 1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 98)

     菫菜(スミレ)

3. clipping of 菫色 (sumire iro)
4. a 紋 (mon, “crest”) in the shape of violet leaves or flowers

菫(すみれ) • (Sumire) 

1. a female given name

• Kamei, Takashi (1944) [1617] Kagakushū: Gennabon, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten
• Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.

菫 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

1. celery
2. aconite