董

董	U+8463, 董 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8463

← 葢
[U+8462]

CJK Unified Ideographs

葤 →
[U+8464]

Translingual

Han character

董 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿竹十土 (THJG), four-corner 4410₄, composition ⿱艹重)

Derived characters

𡀇, 嬞, 𫷐, 懂, 𫾍, 𣿅, 㯵, 𦡂, 𥋾, 𥣑, 𨆟, 𧄓, 𥪿

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1045, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31433
Dae Jaweon: page 1506, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3250, character 3
Unihan data for U+8463

Chinese

trad.		董
simp. ^#		董
2nd round simp.		苳
alternative forms		𦱦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 董
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
撞	rdoːŋ, rdoːŋs
幢	rdoːŋ, rdoːŋs
橦	rdoːŋ, doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇	*rdoːŋ
𩪘	*rdoːŋ
艟	rdoːŋs, tʰjoŋ
憧	rdoːŋs, tʰjoŋ
畽	tʰoːnʔ, tʰuːnʔ
董	*toːŋʔ
蕫	toːŋʔ, doːŋ
箽	*toːŋʔ
懂	*toːŋʔ
湩	toːŋs, tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈	tʰoːŋ, tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童	*doːŋ
僮	*doːŋ
瞳	*doːŋ
罿	doːŋ, tʰjoŋ
犝	*doːŋ
潼	doːŋ, tʰjoŋ
穜	doːŋ, doŋ
動	*doːŋʔ
慟	*doːŋs
堹	*toŋs
諥	*toŋs
蹱	tʰoŋ, tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重	doŋ, doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟	doŋ, doŋs
蝩	*doŋ
褈	doŋ, tʰjoŋ
鐘	tjoŋ, tjoŋ
鍾	*tjoŋ
籦	*tjoŋ
種	tjoŋʔ, tjoŋs
腫	*tjoŋʔ
踵	*tjoŋʔ
歱	*tjoŋʔ
喠	tjoŋʔ, tʰjoŋʔ
偅	*tjoŋs
衝	*tʰjoŋ
揰	*tʰjoŋs
尰	*djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *toːŋʔ): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǒng (dong³)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dung²
Gan (Wiktionary): dung³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): túng

(Hailu, HRS): dung^ˊ

(Meixian, Guangdong): dung³
Eastern Min (BUC): dūng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dang³ / dorng³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): táng / tóng

(Teochew, Peng'im): dang² / dong²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁵ton / ³ton
- (Jinhua): ³ton
Xiang (Loudi, Wiktionary): deng³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǒng
  - Wade–Giles: tung³
  - Yale: dǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: doong
  - Palladius: дун (dun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: dung²
  - Yale: dúng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: dung²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ³⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: dung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: túng
  - Hakka Romanization System: dung^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: dung³
  - Sinological IPA: /tuŋ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: dung^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /tuŋ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: dung³
  - Sinological IPA: /tʊŋ³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dūng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuŋ³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dang³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dang³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ³³²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng³
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dô̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒŋ⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒŋ³³²/

Note:

dang3 - vernacular (incl. surname of most Putian people);
dorng3 - literary (incl. surname of Xianyoru people and some Putian people).

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: táng / tóng
  - Tâi-lô: táng / tóng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: darng, dorng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /taŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /taŋ⁵⁵⁴/, /tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /taŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /taŋ⁵³/, /tɔŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /taŋ⁴¹/, /tɔŋ⁴¹/

Note:

táng - vernacular (incl. surname);
tóng - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: dang² / dong²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: táng / tóng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /taŋ⁵²/, /toŋ⁵²/

Note:

dang2 - vernacular (incl. surname);
dong2 - literary.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ton
  - MiniDict: ton^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ton
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /toŋ³⁴/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ³ton
  - MiniDict: ton^上
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /toŋ³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ɗoŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /toŋ⁴²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /toŋ⁵¹/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /toŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /toŋ³³⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /toŋ³²⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /toŋ³⁵/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ³ton
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /toŋ⁵³⁵/
Xiang
- (Loudi)
  - Wiktionary: deng³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɤŋ⁴²/

Middle Chinese: tuwngX

Rime
Character	董
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	多動切
Baxter	tuwngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋ^X/
Li Rong	/tuŋ^X/
Wang Li	/tuŋ^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tuŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǒng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dung²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*toːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	董
Reading #	1/1
No.	17432
Phonetic component	重
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*toːŋʔ/

Definitions

董

to direct; to supervise
director; supervisor
a surname
董卓 ― Dǒng Zhuó ― Dong Zhuo

Descendants

→ English: Dong, Tung, Tang

Compounds

丁董
不知丁董
古董 (gǔdǒng)
古董商
紳董 / 绅董
老古董 (lǎogǔdǒng)
董事 (dǒngshì)
董事會 / 董事会 (dǒngshìhuì)
董事長 / 董事长 (dǒngshìzhǎng)
董家剅 (Dǒngjiālóu)
董市 (Dǒngshì)
董正
董氏封髮 / 董氏封发
董河 (Dǒnghé)
董狐筆 / 董狐笔
董生下帷
董監事 / 董监事
董西廂 / 董西厢
蒙董 (měngdǒng), 懵董 (měngdǒng)
骨董 (gǔdǒng)
骨董行
黑臉董嘴 / 黑脸董嘴

Japanese

Kanji

董

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): とう (tō)
Kun: ただす (tadasu, 董す)
Nanori: ただ (tada)、ただし (tadashi)、ただす (tadasu)、のぶ (nobu)、まさ (masa)

Korean

Hanja

董 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong, Yale tong)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

董: Hán Nôm readings: đổng, đỏng, đúng, đủng, đũng, xổng, dỏng, rỗng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.