薄荷

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (薄荷)		薄	荷
simp. ^#(薄荷)		薄	荷

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bòhé

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˋ ㄏㄜˊ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): bok⁶ ho⁴

(Taishan, Wiktionary): bok⁵ ho³
Gan (Wiktionary): po⁵ ho
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pho̍k-hò

(Hailu, HRS): pog^ˋ ho
Northern Min (KCR): bó̤-hô̤
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): po̍h-hô / po̍k-hô

(Teochew, Peng'im): bo⁷ ho³
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶bu-hu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bòhé → bòhe (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˋ ㄏㄜˊ → ㄅㄛˋ ˙ㄏㄜ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bòhe̊
  - Wade–Giles: po⁴-ho⁵
  - Yale: bwò-he
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boh.her
  - Palladius: бохэ (boxɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/ → /pu̯ɔ⁵¹ xə¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bok⁶ ho⁴
  - Yale: bohk hòh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bok⁹ ho⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: bog⁶ ho⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːk̚² hɔː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: bok⁵ ho³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔk̚³² hᵘɔ²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: po⁵ ho
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo¹¹ ho¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pho̍k-hò
  - Hakka Romanization System: pog ho^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pog⁶ ho²
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰok̚⁵ ho¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: pog^ˋ ho
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰok² ho⁵⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bó̤-hô̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔ⁵⁴ xɔ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍h-hô
  - Tâi-lô: po̍h-hô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poiqhooi
  - IPA (Xiamen): /po(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ ho²⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍k-hô
  - Tâi-lô: po̍k-hô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poghooi
  - IPA (Taipei): /pɔk̚⁴⁻³² ho²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔk̚⁴⁻³² hɤ²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bo⁷ ho³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pō hò
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po¹¹ ho²¹³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶bu-hu
  - MiniDict: bu^去 hu
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³bu-hu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bu²² hu⁴⁴/

Noun

薄荷

mint (Mentha spp., especially Mentha canadensis) or mint-like plant
胡椒薄荷 ― hújiāobóhé ― peppermint

貓薄荷／猫薄荷 ― māobóhé ― catnip

Derived terms

美國薄荷 / 美国薄荷 (Měiguó bòhé)
胡椒薄荷 (hújiāobòhé)
薄荷原油 (bòhé yuányóu)
薄荷毸
薄荷油 (bòhéyóu)
薄荷精
薄荷糖 (bòhétáng)
薄荷腦 / 薄荷脑 (bòhénǎo)
薄荷醇 (bòhéchún)
薄荷醬 / 薄荷酱
貓薄荷 / 猫薄荷 (māobòhe)
辣薄荷
金錢薄荷 / 金钱薄荷

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (薄荷):

→ Japanese: 薄(はっ)荷(か) (hakka)
→ Korean: 박하(薄荷) (bakha)
→ Vietnamese: bạc hà (薄荷)

Others:

→ Zhuang: bozhoz

Japanese

Kanji in this term
薄	荷
はく > はっ Grade: S	か Grade: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 薄荷.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はっか [hàkká] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ha̠k̚ka̠]

Noun

薄(はっ)荷(か) or 薄荷(ハッカ) • (hakka) ^{←はくか (fakuka) or ハクカ (fakuka)^?}

synonym of ミント (minto, “mint”) (plant)
short for 日本薄荷 (Nihon hakka, “Japanese mint”)
(traditional Chinese medicine) dried mint leaves used in medicine
Synonym: 薄荷葉 (hakkayō)

Derived terms

日(ニ)本(ホン)薄(ハッ)荷(カ) (Nihon hakka)
西(セイ)洋(ヨウ)薄(ハッ)荷(カ) (Seiyō hakka)
薄荷精(はっかせい) (hakkasei)
薄荷糖(はっかとう) (hakkatō)
薄荷脳(はっかのう) (hakkanō)
薄荷(はっか)パイプ (hakkapaipu)
薄荷油(はっかゆ) (hakkayu)
犬薄荷(いぬはっか) (inuhakka)
花薄荷(はなはっか) (hanahakka)
山薄荷(やまはっか) (yamahakka)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
薄	荷

Noun

薄荷 • (bakha) (hangeul 박하)

hanja form^? of 박하 (“mint”)

Okinawan

Kanji in this term
薄	荷
Grade: S	Grade: 3

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 薄荷. Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as はくか.^[1]

Noun

薄荷(ふぁっか) or 薄荷(はっか) (fakka or hakka)

mint

References

^ Nakamoto, Masayo (中本政世) (1896) 沖縄語典 [Documentation of the Language of Okinawa], Hikone (彦根市): Eishōdō (永昌堂), →DOI, page 80

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
薄	荷

Noun

薄荷

chữ Hán form of bạc hà (“mint”)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[OG-3] Nakamoto, Masayo (中本政世) (1896) 沖縄語典 [Documentation of the Language of Okinawa], Hikone (彦根市): Eishōdō (永昌堂), →DOI, page 80

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