郡

郡	U+90E1, 郡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90E1

← 郠
[U+90E0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

郢 →
[U+90E2]

Translingual

Han character

郡 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 尸口弓中 (SRNL), four-corner 1762₇, composition ⿰君阝)

Derived characters

𠹴, 㴫, 𦄄, 𩺐, 𡩫, 𦵼, 𤹓

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1272, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39436
Dae Jaweon: page 1770, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3775, character 6
Unihan data for U+90E1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		郡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (君) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涒	*l̥ʰuːn
麏	*krun
莙	krun, ɡrunʔ, *klun
輑	*kʰrun
蜠	kʰrun, ɡrunʔ
峮	*kʰrun
窘	*ɡrunʔ
僒	*ɡrunʔ
君	*klun
桾	*klun
宭	klun, ɡlun
鮶	*klun
捃	*kluns
群	*ɡlun
羣	*ɡlun
裙	*ɡlun
裠	*ɡlun
帬	*ɡlun
焄	*qʰlun
郡	*ɡluns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡluns): semantic ⻏ (“city; town”) + phonetic 君 (OC *klun). It represents one of the ancient local administrative divisions.^[1]

References

^ Digital Shinjigen 2017

Etymology

Perhaps related to Tibetan ཁུལ (khul, “district; province”) (Gong, 1995).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jùn (jun⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄣˋ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwan⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gun⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khiùn

(Hailu, HRS): kiun

(Meixian, Guangdong): giun³
Eastern Min (BUC): gông
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gong⁵ / guong⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kūn

(Teochew, Peng'im): gung⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ciun

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyùn
  - Wade–Giles: chün⁴
  - Yale: jyùn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiunn
  - Palladius: цзюнь (czjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gwan⁶
  - Yale: gwahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: guen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gun⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kun³²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiùn
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiun^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiun²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯un¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiun
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰiun⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: giun³
  - Sinological IPA: /kiun³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kouŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gong⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: geōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: guong⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn
  - Tâi-lô: kūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kun²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kun²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kun³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kun³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gung⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kŭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵ciun
  - MiniDict: ciuin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²jyn
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕyn³⁴/

Middle Chinese: gjunH

Rime
Character	郡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠運切
Baxter	gjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡiun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gun^H/
Li Rong	/ɡiuən^H/
Wang Li	/ɡĭuən^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwan⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ur-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡluns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	郡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jùn
Middle Chinese	‹ gjun^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ur-s/
English	district
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	郡
Reading #	1/1
No.	7302
Phonetic component	君
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɡluns/

Definitions

郡

(historical) An administrative subdivision of imperial China of various status over the centuries, usually translated as commandery or prefecture
a kind of administrative division
1. (in Japan) district (second level division that has no administrative power since 1926, only serves as geographical reference)
2. (in North and South Korea) county (second level division covering rural areas)
3. (in the UK) shire (former administrative area of Britain)
  柴郡 ― cháijùn ― Cheshire
4. (in Vietnam) quận
  第八郡 [Cantonese] ― dai⁶ baat³ gwan⁶ [Jyutping] ― District 8
a surname

Related terms

(governor of the commandery): 郡守 (jùnshǒu), 太守 (tàishǒu)

Compounds

州郡 (zhōujùn)
巴陵郡
延平郡王 (Yánpíng Jùnwáng)
涿郡 (Zhuō-jùn)
蜀郡
象郡
跨州越郡
遙郡 / 遥郡
邊郡 / 边郡
郡丞
郡主 (jùnzhǔ)
郡侯
郡公 (jùngōng)
郡君
郡國制 / 郡国制
郡守 (jùnshǒu)
郡尉
郡府
郡庠
郡望
郡王 (jùnwáng)
郡縣 / 郡县 (jùnxiàn)
郡邑
郡馬 / 郡马

Japanese

Kanji

郡

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ぐん (gun, Jōyō)
Kan-on: くん (kun)
Kun: こおり (kōri, 郡)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
郡
ぐん Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 郡 (MC gjunH).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぐん [gúꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɡɯ̟̃ɴ]

Noun

郡(ぐん) • (gun) ^{←ぐん (gun)^?}

county, district

Synonyms

郡(こおり) (kōri)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
郡
こおり Grade: 4
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 郡 – see the following entry.

【こおり】

[noun] (archaic) county, district

Alternative spelling
評

(This term, 郡, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

郡 (eumhun 고을 군 (go'eul gun))

hanja form^? of 군 (“county; district”)

Vietnamese

Han character

郡: Hán Nôm readings: quận, quặn, quấn, quẩn, quạnh

urban district (quận)

[1] Digital Shinjigen 2017

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[1]