窘

窘	U+7A98, 窘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A98

← 窗
[U+7A97]

CJK Unified Ideographs

窙 →
[U+7A99]

Translingual

Han character

窘 (Kangxi radical 116, 穴+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十金尸大口 (JCSKR), four-corner 3060₇, composition ⿱穴君)

Derived characters

僒, 㩈

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 865, character 35
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25519
Dae Jaweon: page 1294, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2732, character 1
Unihan data for U+7A98

Chinese

trad.		窘
simp. ^#		窘

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (君) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涒	*l̥ʰuːn
麏	*krun
莙	krun, ɡrunʔ, *klun
輑	*kʰrun
蜠	kʰrun, ɡrunʔ
峮	*kʰrun
窘	*ɡrunʔ
僒	*ɡrunʔ
君	*klun
桾	*klun
宭	klun, ɡlun
鮶	*klun
捃	*kluns
群	*ɡlun
羣	*ɡlun
裙	*ɡlun
裠	*ɡlun
帬	*ɡlun
焄	*qʰlun
郡	*ɡluns

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): jiǒng, jǔn (jiong³, jun³)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄥˇ, ㄐㄩㄣˇ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jun³
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): kwan³ / kwan⁵ / gwan⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gun⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khiún

(Meixian, Guangdong): giun³
Eastern Min (BUC): gē̤ng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kūn / kǔn / khún

(Teochew, Peng'im): kung² / kug⁴ / giong²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵chiun
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jyn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyǒng
  - Wade–Giles: chiung³
  - Yale: jyǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeong
  - Palladius: цзюн (czjun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jǔn
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyǔn
  - Wade–Giles: chün³
  - Yale: jyǔn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeun
  - Palladius: цзюнь (czjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: jun³
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gun
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁵³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kwan³ / kwan⁵ / gwan⁶
  - Yale: kwan / kwáhn / gwahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwan³ / kwan⁵ / gwan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuen³ / kuen⁵ / guen⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐn³³/, /kʷʰɐn¹³/, /kʷɐn²²/

Note: kwan5, gwan6 - uncommon.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gun⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kun²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiún
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiun^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiun³
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯un³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: giun³
  - Sinological IPA: /kiun³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gē̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /køyŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn
  - Tâi-lô: kūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kun
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kun²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kun³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǔn
  - Tâi-lô: kǔn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khún
  - Tâi-lô: khún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: quon
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰun⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kung² / kug⁴ / giong²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khúng / khuk / kióng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuŋ⁵²/, /kʰuk̚²/, /kioŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵chiun
  - MiniDict: chiuin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²qyn
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰyn³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jyn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: gwinX

Rime
Character	窘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	眞 (45)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠殞切
Baxter	gwinX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiuɪn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷᵚin^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuen^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjin^X/
Li Rong	/ɡjuĕn^X/
Wang Li	/ɡǐĕn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯ĕn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwan⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡrunʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	窘
Reading #	1/1
No.	7285
Phonetic component	君
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ɡrunʔ/
Notes	原列軫韻

Definitions

窘

Compounds

受窘 (shòujiǒng)
困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
枯窘
發窘 / 发窘
窘促 (jiǒngcù)
窘困 (jiǒngkùn)
窘境 (jiǒngjìng)
窘急 (jiǒngjí)
窘態 / 窘态 (jiǒngtài)
窘態畢露 / 窘态毕露
窘態百出 / 窘态百出
窘步
窘況 / 窘况 (jiǒngkuàng)
窘蹙
窘迫 (jiǒngpò)
窘鄉 / 窘乡
窮窘 / 穷窘
隘窘

References

“窘”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

窘

(Hyōgai kanji)

rebuke

Readings

Go-on: ごん (gon)
Kan-on: きん (kin)^{←きん (kin, historical)}^{←くゐん (kwin, ancient)}
On: くん (kun)
Kun: たしなめる (tashinameru, 窘める)、くるしむ (kurushimu, 窘む)

Compounds

窘迫(きんぱく) (kinpaku): troubledness

Korean

Hanja

窘 (eum 군 (gun))

Vietnamese

Han character

窘: Hán Nôm readings: quẫn

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