長官

See also: 长官

Chinese

	long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	official; government; organ of body
trad. (長官)	長	官
simp. (长官)	长	官
anagram	官長／官长

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǎngguān

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˇ ㄍㄨㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng² gun¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chóng-kôn
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tióng-koaⁿ / tiáng-koaⁿ / tiúⁿ-koaⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǎngguān
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˇ ㄍㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎngguan
  - Wade–Giles: chang³-kuan¹
  - Yale: jǎng-gwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jaangguan
  - Palladius: чжангуань (čžanguanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zoeng² gun¹
  - Yale: jéung gūn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng² gun¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: zêng² gun¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːŋ³⁵ kuːn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chóng-kôn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zong^ˋ gon^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zong³ gon¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡soŋ³¹ kon²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tióng-koaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tióng-kuann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diofngkvoaf
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kuã⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kuã³³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /tiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuã⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiáng-koaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tiáng-kuann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diafngkvoaf
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuã⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiúⁿ-koaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: tiúnn-kuann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dviw'kvoaf
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tiũ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kuã⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiũ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kuã³³/

Noun

長官

(chiefly military) senior official; senior officer; commanding officer
(chiefly Taiwan) sir (term of address for a senior officer, could be in military, civilian, or private sector)

Derived terms

信士的長官 / 信士的长官 (Xìnshì de Zhǎngguān)
行政長官 / 行政长官 (xíngzhèng zhǎngguān)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
長	官
ちょう Grade: 2	かん Grade: 4
on'yomi

By surface analysis, 長 (chō, “chief, leader”) +‎ 官 (kan, “government official”). Either a wasei kango from these on'yomi readings, or from Middle Chinese 長官 (sum-of-parts reading: /ɖɨɐŋ kuɑn/).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːkã̠ɴ]

Noun

長(ちょう)官(かん) • (chōkan)

secretary, director, head of a section of government

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
長	官
Grade: 2	Grade: 4
jukujikun

From 上(かみ) (kami, “upper, person above”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ka̠mʲi]

Noun

長官(かみ) • (kami)

Same as chōkan above.

Etymology 3

Shift from kami.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Noun

長官(かん) • (kan)

Same as kami above.

Etymology 4

Shift from kami. Also compare 神(こう)々(ごう)しい (kōgōshii), a shift from kamigamishii, in which the same kami component also shifts to kō.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

Noun

長官(こう) • (kō)

Same as kami above.

Korean

Hanja in this term
長	官

Noun

長官 • (janggwan) (hangeul 장관)

hanja form^? of 장관