阿難

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (阿難)		阿	難
simp. (阿难)		阿	难

Etymology

short for 阿難陀 / 阿难陀 (Ānántuó), which is in turn borrowed from Sanskrit आनन्द (ānanda).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Ānán

(Zhuyin): ㄚㄋㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): aa³ naan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Ānán
  - Zhuyin: ㄚㄋㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Anán
  - Wade–Giles: A¹-nan²
  - Yale: Ā-nán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Anan
  - Palladius: Анань (Ananʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ nän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: aa³ naan⁴
  - Yale: a nàahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: aa³ naan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: a³ nan⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /aː³³ naːn²¹/

Middle Chinese: 'a nan|nanH

Rime
Character	阿	難	難
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	泥 (8)	泥 (8)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	寒 (61)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	烏何切	那干切	奴案切
Baxter	'a	nan	nanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔa/	/nan/	/nan^H/
Li Rong	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑn^H/
Wang Li	/ɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔɑ/	/nɑn/	/nɑn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ē	nán	nàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	o¹	naan⁴	naan⁶

Proper noun

阿難

Ananda (the foremost disciple of Gautama Buddha in memory)

Further reading

Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “阿難” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].