食す

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
食
お Grade: 2
kun'yomi

/wosu/ > /osu/.

An honorific term.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [o̞sɨ]

Verb

食(お)す • (osu) ^{←をす (wosu)^?}godan (stem 食(お)し (oshi), past 食(お)した (oshita))

(archaic) to rule or govern
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 17, poem 4006:
  [...] 須騰理波佐和久安之可流等安麻乃乎夫祢波伊里延許具加遅能於等多可之曽己乎之毛安夜尓登母志美之努比都追安蘇夫佐香理乎須賣呂伎能乎須久尓奈礼婆美許登母知多知和可礼奈婆於久礼多流吉民婆安礼騰母 [...]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 17, poem 4008:
  安遠迩与之奈良乎伎波奈礼阿麻射可流比奈尓波安礼登和賀勢故乎見都追志乎礼婆於毛比夜流許等母安利之乎於保伎美乃美許等可之古美乎須久尓能許等登理毛知弖和可久佐能安由比多豆久利 [...]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
(archaic) to eat and drink
(archaic) to wear

Synonyms

食(く)う (kuu)
食(は)む (hamu)
食(た)べる (taberu)

Derived terms

食(お)し (oshi)
食(お)し物(もの) (oshimono)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
食
しょく Grade: 2
kan'on

食(しょく) (shoku, “meal”) + す (su, “to do”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しょくす [shòkúꜜsù] (Nakadaka – [2])
IPA^(key): [ɕo̞kɯ̟sɨ]

Verb

食(しょく)す • (shokusu) transitive godan (stem 食(しょく)し (shokushi), past 食(しょく)した (shokushita))

(literary) to eat

Conjugation

Conjugation of "食す" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	食さ	しょくさ	shokusa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	食し	しょくし	shokushi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	食す	しょくす	shokusu
Rentaikei ("attributive")	食す	しょくす	shokusu
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	食せ	しょくせ	shokuse
Meireikei ("imperative")	食せ	しょくせ	shokuse
Key constructions
Passive	食される	しょくされる	shokusareru
Causative	食させる食さす	しょくさせるしょくさす	shokusaseru shokusasu
Potential	食せる	しょくせる	shokuseru
Volitional	食そう	しょくそう	shokusō
Negative	食さない	しょくさない	shokusanai
Negative continuative	食さず	しょくさず	shokusazu
Formal	食します	しょくします	shokushimasu
Perfective	食した	しょくした	shokushita
Conjunctive	食して	しょくして	shokushite
Hypothetical conditional	食せば	しょくせば	shokuseba

Synonyms

食(た)べる (taberu)

References

Satake, Akihiro with Hideo Yamada, Rikio Kudō, Masao Ōtani, and Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 4: Man’yōshū 4 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2003, →ISBN.