鬱悶
See also: 郁闷
Chinese
| dense (growth); melancholy | melancholy; smother; stuffy | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (鬱悶) | 鬱 | 悶 | |
| simp. (郁闷) | 郁 | 闷 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yùmèn → yùmen (toneless final syllable variant)
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ ㄇㄣˋ → ㄩˋ ˙ㄇㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: yùme̊n
- Wade–Giles: yü4-mên5
- Yale: yù-men
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh.menn
- Palladius: юймэнь (jujmɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹⁻⁵³ mən⁵¹/ → /y⁵¹ mən¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yùmènr
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ ㄇㄣˋㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yùmènr
- Wade–Giles: yü4-mên4-ʼrh
- Yale: yù-mènr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuhmell
- Palladius: юймэньр (jujmɛnʹr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹⁻⁵³ məɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: wat1 mun6
- Yale: wāt muhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: wat7 mun6
- Guangdong Romanization: wed1 mun6
- Sinological IPA (key): /wɐt̚⁵ muːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ut-būn
- Tâi-lô: ut-būn
- Phofsit Daibuun: utbun
- IPA (Xiamen): /ut̚³²⁻⁴ bun²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ut̚⁵⁻²⁴ bun⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ut̚³²⁻⁵ bun²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /ut̚³²⁻⁴ bun³³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ut̚³²⁻⁴ bun³³/
- (Hokkien)
Adjective
鬱悶
- gloomy; depressing
- depressed; downcast; dejected
- (neologism, slang) feeling sad, down, upset, bored, displeased, disappointed, etc.
- 鬱悶！／郁闷！ ― Yùmèn! ― How depressing! This sucks!
Synonyms
- (depressed):
- 低沉 (dīchén)
- 低落 (dīluò)
- 冷館 / 冷馆 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 喪氣 / 丧气
- 壓抑 / 压抑 (yāyì)
- 失望 (shīwàng)
- 失落 (shīluò)
- 寡歡 / 寡欢 (guǎhuān)
- 幽鬱 / 幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
- 悒鬱 / 悒郁 (yìyù) (literary)
- 悒鬱寡歡 / 悒郁寡欢 (yìyùguǎhuān)
- 愁悶 / 愁闷 (chóumèn)
- 憂悶 / 忧闷 (yōumèn)
- 慘沮 / 惨沮 (cǎnjǔ) (literary)
- 憂鬱 / 忧郁 (yōuyù)
- 憋悶 / 憋闷
- 懊喪 / 懊丧 (àosàng)
- 抑鬱 / 抑郁 (yìyù)
- 沉悶 / 沉闷 (chénmèn)
- 沉抑 (chényì)
- 沉鬱 / 沉郁 (chényù) (literary)
- 沮喪 / 沮丧 (jǔsàng)
- 消極 / 消极 (xiāojí)
- 消沉 (xiāochén)
- 灰 (huī) (literary, or in compounds)
- 灰心 (huīxīn)
- 灰心喪氣 / 灰心丧气 (huīxīnsàngqì)
- 煩悶 / 烦闷 (fánmèn)
- 神傷 / 神伤 (shénshāng) (literary)
- 索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
- 苦悶 / 苦闷 (kǔmèn)
- 萎靡
- 陰暗 / 阴暗 (yīn'àn)
- 陰沉 / 阴沉 (yīnchén)
- 頹唐 / 颓唐 (tuítáng)
- 頹喪 / 颓丧 (tuísàng)
- 頹廢 / 颓废 (tuífèi)
- 鬱鬱 / 郁郁 (yùyù) (literary)
- 鬱鬱不樂 / 郁郁不乐 (yùyùbùlè)
- 鬱鬱寡歡 / 郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
- 齪嘈 / 龊嘈 (Hokkien)