ꜥ

See also: Ꜥ [U+A724 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER EGYPTOLOGICAL AIN] and ʿ [U+02BF MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING]

ꜥ U+A725, ꜥ
LATIN SMALL LETTER EGYPTOLOGICAL AIN
← Ꜥ
[U+A724] 		Latin Extended-D Ꜧ →
[U+A726]

Translingual

Letter

ꜥ (upper case Ꜥ)

  1. (Egyptological transliteration) The lowercase letter ayin, used in most Egyptian transliteration schemes to represent the sound of the hieroglyph
    . The sound value is thought to have been IPA [ʕ] since at least the time of Middle Egyptian, hypothesized by some to have come from earlier *[d].

See also

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Possibly related to Proto-Semitic *yad- (“hand”).

Pronunciation

 

Noun

 m

  1. arm, hand [since the First Dynasty]
    • c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 4:





      wn n⟨.j⟩ ꜥwj.ṯn bntjw
      Open your arms to ⟨me⟩, baboons!
  2. ‘hand’ of an animal: hoof of a cow, foot of a crocodile, etc. [since the Pyramid Texts]
  3. part, portion
    1. specific measure of a substance such as food, liquid, or myrrh; portion
    2. individual item of something countable, item, piece [since the Middle Kingdom]
    3. pair of something generally found in pairs [since the Middle Kingdom]
  4. region
    1. area, region, portion (of a country, piece of land, or building) [since the Pyramid Texts]
    2. region of the sky where something, particularly the sun, is located
  5. (chiefly Late Egyptian) state, condition
  6. (chiefly Late Egyptian, with following infinitive as a genitive) manner (of doing something, such as moving or flying)
Inflection
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜥ
dual ꜥwj
plural ꜥw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  




ꜥ ꜥ ꜥ ꜥwj ꜥ
[Pyramid Texts] [Late Egyptian] [Late Egyptian] [Greco-Roman Period]
in the sense ‘state’ in the sense ‘state’
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Demotic: ꜥ (“state, condition”)
  • Demotic: ⁠ (ꜥ.wy, “arms, portion, pair”)
    • Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi, “pair, couple”)
    • Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi, “pair, couple”)

Compounded with nj (“of”):

  • ⇒ Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- (an-, collective numeral prefix; place-name prefix)
  • ⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- (an-, collective numeral prefix; place-name prefix)
See also

Noun

 m

  1. official document, register, record [since the Pyramid Texts]
  2. certificate, deed, warrant [since the Pyramid Texts]
Inflection
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜥ
dual ꜥwj
plural ꜥw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  
ꜥ

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

 m

  1. dyke [Middle Kingdom to 18th Dynasty]
Inflection
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜥ
dual ꜥwj
plural ꜥw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  
ꜥ
Descendants
  • Demotic: ꜥ.t

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

 m

  1. (chiefly Late Egyptian) wooden shaft, particularly as a carriage pole or drawbar
Inflection
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜥ
dual ꜥwj
plural ꜥw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ  
ꜥ

Etymology 4

From earlier

(ꜥt, “room”), or else a formation from the same root.

Pronunciation

Noun

 m

  1. house [Late Period]
Inflection
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
singular ꜥ
dual ꜥwj
plural ꜥw
Descendants

References

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