𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡
Prakrit
Alternative forms
- 𑀩𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (bakkhāṇa)
Etymology
Inherited from Sanskrit 𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀔𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀦 (vyākhyā́na).
Noun
𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) n (Devanagari वक्खाण, Kannada ವಕ್ಖಾಣ) (attested in Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī) [1][2]
- lecture, speech
- explanation, tale
- c. 1088 – 1173, Hemachandra, Siddha-Hema-Śabdanuśāśana Chapter 8 2.90:
- 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬-𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑀼𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀂 𑁈𑁯𑁈
𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑁆𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀲𑀁𑀕𑁂 𑀉𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁅 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀂𑁇 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀭𑀺
𑀧𑁆𑀭𑀣𑀫𑀰𑁆𑀘𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀣𑀲𑁆𑀬𑁄𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀢𑀾𑀢𑀻𑀬 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀭𑁆𑀣𑀂𑁇 𑀰𑁂𑀱𑁇 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁𑁇 𑀯𑀕𑁆𑀖𑁄𑁇 𑀫𑀼𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀸𑁇
𑀦𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀓𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀁𑁇 𑀢𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀡𑁄𑁇 𑀕𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁𑁇 𑀦𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀭𑁄𑁇 𑀆𑀤𑁂𑀰𑁇 𑀚𑀓𑁆𑀔𑁄𑁇
𑀖𑀲𑁆𑀬 𑀦𑀸𑀲𑁆𑀢𑀺𑁇 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀻𑁇 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀁𑁇 𑀧𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀻𑁇 𑀯𑀼𑀟𑁆𑀠𑁄𑁇 𑀳𑀢𑁆𑀣𑁄𑁇 𑀆𑀮𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑁄𑁇
𑀧𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀨𑀁𑁇 𑀪𑀺𑀩𑁆𑀪𑀮𑁄𑁇 𑀢𑁃𑀮𑀸𑀤𑁅 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯𑁂 𑀑𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀮𑀁𑁇 𑀲𑁂𑀯𑀸𑀤𑁅
𑀦𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑁇 𑀦𑀳𑀸𑁇 𑀲𑀫𑀸𑀲𑁂𑁇 𑀓𑀇-𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀑 𑀓𑀇-𑀥𑀑𑁇 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀯 𑀇𑀢𑁆𑀬𑁂𑀯𑁇 𑀔𑀸𑀑𑁇- dvitīya-turyayorupari pūrvaḥ .9.
dvitīyaturyayŏrdvitvaprasaṃge upari pūrvau bhavataḥ. dvitīyasyopari
prathamaścaturthasyopari tṛtīya ityarthaḥ. śeṣa. vakkhāṇaṃ. vaggho. mucchā.
nijjharo. kaṭṭhaṃ. titthaṃ. niddhaṇo. gupphaṃ. nibbharo. ādeśa. jakkho.
ghasya nāsti. acchī. majjhaṃ. paṭṭhī. vuḍḍho. hattho. āliddho.
pupphaṃ. bhibbhalo. tailādau dvitve ŏkkhalaṃ. sevādau
nakkhā. nahā. samāse. kaï-ddhao kaï-dhao. dvitva ityeva. khāo.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- dvitīya-turyayorupari pūrvaḥ .9.
- 𑀤𑁆𑀯𑀺𑀢𑀻𑀬-𑀢𑀼𑀭𑁆𑀬𑀬𑁄𑀭𑀼𑀧𑀭𑀺 𑀧𑀽𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀂 𑁈𑁯𑁈
Declension
| Maharastri declension of 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi) |
| Accusative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi) |
| Instrumental | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (vakkhāṇeṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇeṇaṃ) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺 (vakkhāṇehi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (vakkhāṇehiṃ) |
| Dative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀅 (vakkhāṇāa) | — |
| Ablative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀑 (vakkhāṇāo) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀉 (vakkhāṇāu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸 (vakkhāṇā) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺 (vakkhāṇāhi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀢𑁄 (vakkhāṇāhiṃto) | — |
| Genitive | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (vakkhāṇassa) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇāṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇāṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀺 (vakkhāṇammi) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂 (vakkhāṇe) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (vakkhāṇesu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (vakkhāṇesuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸 (vakkhāṇā) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇 (vakkhāṇāi) |
| Sauraseni declension of 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) |
| Accusative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇaṃ) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) |
| Instrumental | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀡 (vakkhāṇeṇa) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀳𑀺𑀁 (vakkhāṇehiṃ) |
| Dative | — | — |
| Ablative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀤𑁄 (vakkhāṇādo) | — |
| Genitive | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀲𑁆𑀲 (vakkhāṇassa) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀡𑀁 (vakkhāṇāṇaṃ) |
| Locative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂 (vakkhāṇe) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼 (vakkhāṇesu) or 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑁂𑀲𑀼𑀁 (vakkhāṇesuṃ) |
| Vocative | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡 (vakkhāṇa) | 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀸𑀇𑀁 (vakkhāṇāiṃ) |
Derived terms
Terms inherited from 𑀯𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀸𑀡𑀇 (vakkhāṇaï)
- Central:
- Eastern Hindi:
- Old Awadhi: बखानइ (bakhānaï)
- Western Hindi:
- Braj: बखानन (bakhānan)
- Bundeli: बखानबो (bakhānbo)
- Hindustani: bakhānnā
- Hindi: बखानना
- Urdu: بَکَھانْنَا (bakhānnā)
- Eastern Hindi:
- Eastern:
- Assamese: বখান (bokhan)
- Bihari:
- Bhojpuri: bakhānal
- Devanagari script: बखानल
- Kaithi script: 𑂥𑂎𑂰𑂢𑂪
- Maithili: bakhānab
- Devanagari script: बखानब
- Tirhuta script: 𑒥𑒐𑒰𑒢𑒥
- Bhojpuri: bakhānal
- Odia: ବଖାଣିବା (bakhāṇibā)
- Northern:
- Northwestern:
- Southern:
- Western:
- Ahirani: वखाननं (vakhānna)
- Old Gujarati: वक्खाणिउं (vakkhāṇiuṃ)
- Gojri: بَکھانو (bakhāno)
- Middle Gujarati: वक्खाणइ, वखाणइ
- Gujarati: વખાણવું (vakhāṇvũ)
- Malvi: बखाणणो (bakhāṇṇo), वखाणणो (vakhāṇṇo)
- Marwari:
- Devanagari script: बखांणणौ (bakhā̃ṇṇau)
- Mahajani script: 𑅪𑅖𑅧𑅢𑅢𑅒 (bkhnṇṇu)
- Nimadi: वखाणणूं (vakhāṇṇū̃)
- ⇒ Old Kannada: ವಕ್ಖಣಿಸು (vakkhaṇisu), ವಕ್ಖಾಣಿಸು (vakkhāṇisu)
- ⇒ Telugu: వక్కాణించు (vakkāṇiñcu), వక్కణించు (vakkaṇiñcu)
Descendants
Descendants
- Central:
- Eastern:
- Northern:
- Northwestern:
- Southern:
- Western:
- Old Gujarati: वक्खाण (vakkhāṇa)
- Middle Gujarati: वक्खाण, वखाण
- Gujarati: વખાણ (vakhāṇ)
- Marwari:
- Devanagari script: बखाण (bakhāṇ), बखांण (bakhā̃ṇ), ब़खांण (b̤akhāṇṇ)
- Mahajani script: 𑅪𑅖𑅢 (bkhṇ), 𑅪𑅖𑅧𑅢 (bkhnṇ), 𑅪𑅳𑅖𑅧𑅢 (b̤khnṇ)
- Middle Gujarati: वक्खाण, वखाण
- Old Gujarati: वक्खाण (vakkhāṇa)
- → Kannada: ಒಕ್ಕಣೆ (okkaṇe), ವಕ್ಕಣೆ (vakkaṇe)
- → Malayalam: വക്കാണം (vakkāṇaṁ)
- → Tamil: வக்கணை (vakkaṇai)
- → Telugu: వక్కణ (vakkaṇa), వక్కాణ (vakkāṇa)
References
- ^ E.B. Cowell (1868) The Prákṛit Prakáśa[1], London: Trübner & Co., page 130
- ^ Misra, Bal Govind (1967) Historical Phonology of Modern Standard Hindi: Proto-Indo-European to the Present, Cornell University, page 197
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923–1928) “वक्खाण”, in पाइअ-सद्द-महण्णवो [pāia-sadda-mahaṇṇavo, Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author], page 736.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “vakkhāṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 706