-उक
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- -ᬉᬓ (Balinese script)
- -ဥက (Burmese script)
- -उक (Devanagari script)
- -ਉਕ (Gurmukhi script)
- -𑌉𑌕 (Grantha script)
- -ꦈꦏ (Javanese script)
- -𑂇𑂍 (Kaithi script)
- -ឧក (Khmer script)
- -ອຸກ (Lao script)
- -ഉക (Malayalam script)
- -ᡠᡬᠠ (Manchu script)
- -𑘄𑘎 (Modi script)
- -ᠤᢉᠠ (Mongolian script)
- -𑦤𑦮 (Nandinagari script)
- -𑐄𑐎 (Newa script)
- -ଉକ (Odia script)
- -ꢆꢒ (Saurashtra script)
- -𑆇𑆑 (Sharada script)
- -𑖄𑖎 (Siddham script)
- -උක (Sinhalese script)
- -𑩐𑩒𑩜 (Soyombo script)
- -𑚄𑚊 (Takri script)
- -உக (Tamil script)
- -อุก (Thai script)
- -ཨུ་ཀ (Tibetan script)
- -𑨀𑨃𑨋 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ukas, from Proto-Indo-European *-u-kos. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *-ъkъ. Compare also Sanskrit -अक (-aka), -इक (-ika), and -क (-ka), and Proto-Germanic *-ungō (gerund noun former).
Pronunciation
- (Vedic) IPA(key): /u.kɐ/
- (Classical Sanskrit) IPA(key): /u.kɐ/
Suffix
-उक • (-uka)[1]
- forms adjectives having the meaning and construction of a present participle
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -उकः (-ukaḥ) | -उकौ (-ukau) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
-उकाः (-ukāḥ) -उकासः¹ (-ukāsaḥ¹) |
| accusative | -उकम् (-ukam) | -उकौ (-ukau) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
-उकान् (-ukān) |
| instrumental | -उकेन (-ukena) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकैः (-ukaiḥ) -उकेभिः¹ (-ukebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -उकाय (-ukāya) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकेभ्यः (-ukebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -उकात् (-ukāt) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकेभ्यः (-ukebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -उकस्य (-ukasya) | -उकयोः (-ukayoḥ) | -उकानाम् (-ukānām) |
| locative | -उके (-uke) | -उकयोः (-ukayoḥ) | -उकेषु (-ukeṣu) |
| vocative | -उक (-uka) | -उकौ (-ukau) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
-उकाः (-ukāḥ) -उकासः¹ (-ukāsaḥ¹) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -उका (-ukā) | -उके (-uke) | -उकाः (-ukāḥ) |
| accusative | -उकाम् (-ukām) | -उके (-uke) | -उकाः (-ukāḥ) |
| instrumental | -उकया (-ukayā) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
-उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकाभिः (-ukābhiḥ) |
| dative | -उकायै (-ukāyai) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकाभ्यः (-ukābhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -उकायाः (-ukāyāḥ) -उकायै² (-ukāyai²) |
-उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकाभ्यः (-ukābhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -उकायाः (-ukāyāḥ) -उकायै² (-ukāyai²) |
-उकयोः (-ukayoḥ) | -उकानाम् (-ukānām) |
| locative | -उकायाम् (-ukāyām) | -उकयोः (-ukayoḥ) | -उकासु (-ukāsu) |
| vocative | -उके (-uke) | -उके (-uke) | -उकाः (-ukāḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
- ²Brāhmaṇas
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -उकम् (-ukam) | -उके (-uke) | -उकानि (-ukāni) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
| accusative | -उकम् (-ukam) | -उके (-uke) | -उकानि (-ukāni) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
| instrumental | -उकेन (-ukena) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकैः (-ukaiḥ) -उकेभिः¹ (-ukebhiḥ¹) |
| dative | -उकाय (-ukāya) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकेभ्यः (-ukebhyaḥ) |
| ablative | -उकात् (-ukāt) | -उकाभ्याम् (-ukābhyām) | -उकेभ्यः (-ukebhyaḥ) |
| genitive | -उकस्य (-ukasya) | -उकयोः (-ukayoḥ) | -उकानाम् (-ukānām) |
| locative | -उके (-uke) | -उकयोः (-ukayoḥ) | -उकेषु (-ukeṣu) |
| vocative | -उक (-uka) | -उके (-uke) | -उकानि (-ukāni) -उका¹ (-ukā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms suffixed with -उक
Descendants
- Prakrit: -उग (-uga), -उअ (-ua)
- Hindi: -ऊ (-ū)
References
- ^ William Dwight Whitney (1889) Sanskrit Grammar[1], § 1180, page 445
Further reading
- Wackernagel, Jakob, Albert Debrunner (1896-1964) Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher)[2] (in German), Vol. II.2: Die Nominalsuffixe, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, published 1954, 291-293, pages 480-483