Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/skītos
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Uncertain.
- Traditionally traced to Proto-Indo-European *(s)keh₁t- (“to damage”), whence also Proto-Germanic *skaþjaną. Ancient Greek ἀσκηθής (askēthḗs) may also be related but the root-final aspirate in that word is difficult to explain.[1]
- Schrijver, instead reconstructing *skʷītos (he gets around the lack of a p/b in Brittonic by supposing a borrowing from Primitive Irish), would rather instead relate this to Latin quiēs (“rest”).[2]
The vocalism of the Brythonic forms is unexpected. The Breton and Cornish forms seem to have Proto-Brythonic *uɨ, which is usually from Proto-Celtic *ei, while the Welsh forms seem to have *ʉ, which is usually from *oi or *ou.
Adjective
*skītos
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *skītos | *skītou | *skītoi |
| vocative | *skīte | *skītou | *skītoi |
| accusative | *skītom | *skītou | *skītons |
| genitive | *skītī | *skītous | *skītom |
| dative | *skītūi | *skītobom | *skītobos |
| instrumental | *skītū | *skītobim | *skītobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *skītā | *skītai | *skītās |
| vocative | *skītā | *skītai | *skītās |
| accusative | *skītam | *skītai | *skītans |
| genitive | *skītās | *skītous | *skītom |
| dative | *skītai | *skītābom | *skītābos |
| instrumental | *? | *skītābim | *skītābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *skītom | *skītou | *skītā |
| vocative | *skītom | *skītou | *skītā |
| accusative | *skītom | *skītou | *skītā |
| genitive | *skītī | *skītous | *skītom |
| dative | *skītūi | *skītobom | *skītobos |
| instrumental | *skītū | *skītobim | *skītobis |
| Declension of the comparative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *skītyūs | *? | *skītyoses |
| vocative | *skītyūs | *? | *skītyoses |
| accusative | *skītyosam | *? | *skītyosans |
| genitive | *skītisos | *? | *skītisom |
| dative | *skītisei | *? | *skītisbos |
| instrumental | *skītisī | *? | *skītisbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *skītyūs | *? | *skītyoses |
| vocative | *skītyūs | *? | *skītyoses |
| accusative | *skītyosam | *? | *skītyosans |
| genitive | *skītisos | *? | *skītisom |
| dative | *skītisei | *? | *skītisbos |
| instrumental | *skītisī | *? | *skītisbis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *skītis | *? | *? |
| vocative | *skītis | *? | *? |
| accusative | *skītis | *? | *? |
| genitive | *skītisos | *? | *skītisom |
| dative | *skītisei | *? | *skītisbos |
| instrumental | *skītisī | *? | *skītisbis |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*skīto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 342
- ^ Irslinger, Britta Sofie (2002) Abstrakta mit Dentalsuffixen im Altirischen [Abstracts with Dental Suffixes in Old Irish] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter, →ISBN, page 300