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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
A triply-prefixed form *to- + *ɸare- + *uɸo- + *kaneti.
Verb
*toɸareuɸokaneti
- to prophesize
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanū
|
*toɸareuɸokanemam
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsū
|
*toɸareuɸokekāna
|
| 2nd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanesi
|
*toɸareuɸokanetās
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsesi
|
*toɸareuɸokekānas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokaneti
|
*toɸareuɸokaneto
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāseti
|
*toɸareuɸokekāne
|
| 1st plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanomosi
|
*toɸareuɸokanemo
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsomosi
|
*toɸareuɸokekānmo
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| 2nd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanetesi
|
*toɸareuɸokanestē
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsetesi
|
*toɸareuɸokekāne
|
| 3rd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanonti
|
*toɸareuɸokanento
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*toɸareuɸokikanāsonti
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*toɸareuɸokekānars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanasū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanasesi
|
?
|
*toɸareuɸokane
|
| 3rd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanaseti
|
?
|
*toɸareuɸokanetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanasomosi
|
?
|
*toɸareuɸokanomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanasetesi
|
?
|
*toɸareuɸokanete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanasonti
|
?
|
*toɸareuɸokanontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanūr
|
—
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsūr
|
*toɸareuɸokekānra
|
| 2nd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanetar
|
—
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsetar
|
*toɸareuɸokekānras?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanetor
|
?
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsetor
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*toɸareuɸokekānre
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| 1st plural
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*toɸareuɸokanommor
|
—
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
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*toɸareuɸokanedwe
|
—
|
*toɸareuɸokikanāsedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanontor
|
?
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*toɸareuɸokikanāsontor
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanasūr
|
—
|
—
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| 2nd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanasetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*toɸareuɸokanasetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanasommor
|
—
|
—
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| 2nd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanasedwe
|
—
|
—
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| 3rd plural
|
*toɸareuɸokanasontor
|
—
|
—
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| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokanonts
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*toɸareuɸokanonte
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*toɸareuɸokanontes
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| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokanonts
|
*toɸareuɸokanonte
|
*toɸareuɸokanontes
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokanontam
|
*toɸareuɸokanonte
|
*toɸareuɸokanontans
|
| genitive
|
*toɸareuɸokanantos
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*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanantom
|
| dative
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*toɸareuɸokanantei
|
*toɸareuɸokanantbom
|
*toɸareuɸokanantbos
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| instrumental
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*toɸareuɸokanantī?
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*toɸareuɸokanantbim
|
*toɸareuɸokanantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
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plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokanantī
|
*toɸareuɸokanantī
|
*toɸareuɸokanantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokanantī
|
*toɸareuɸokanantī
|
*toɸareuɸokanantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokanantīm
|
*toɸareuɸokanantī
|
*toɸareuɸokanantiyans
|
| genitive
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*toɸareuɸokanantyās
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanantyom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokanantyāi
|
*toɸareuɸokanantyābom
|
*toɸareuɸokanantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanantyābim
|
*toɸareuɸokanantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokanont
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanonta
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokanont
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanonta
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokanont
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanonta
|
| genitive
|
*toɸareuɸokanantos
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanantom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokanantei
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*toɸareuɸokanantī?
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnos
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnou
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomne
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnou
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnou
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnons
|
| genitive
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*toɸareuɸokanomnī
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnous
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*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnūi
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnū
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobim
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnā
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*toɸareuɸokanomnai
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnās
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnā
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnai
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnās
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnam
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnai
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnans
|
| genitive
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnās
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnous
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnai
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnābom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnābim
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnou
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnā
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnou
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnā
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnou
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnā
|
| genitive
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnī
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnous
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnūi
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobom
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnū
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*toɸareuɸokanomnobim
|
*toɸareuɸokanomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokantos
|
*toɸareuɸokantou
|
*toɸareuɸokantoi
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokante
|
*toɸareuɸokantou
|
*toɸareuɸokantoi
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
*toɸareuɸokantou
|
*toɸareuɸokantons
|
| genitive
|
*toɸareuɸokantī
|
*toɸareuɸokantous
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokantūi
|
*toɸareuɸokantobom
|
*toɸareuɸokantobos
|
| instrumental
|
*toɸareuɸokantū
|
*toɸareuɸokantobim
|
*toɸareuɸokantobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokantā
|
*toɸareuɸokantai
|
*toɸareuɸokantās
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokantā
|
*toɸareuɸokantai
|
*toɸareuɸokantās
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokantam
|
*toɸareuɸokantai
|
*toɸareuɸokantans
|
| genitive
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*toɸareuɸokantās
|
*toɸareuɸokantous
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokantai
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*toɸareuɸokantābom
|
*toɸareuɸokantābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*toɸareuɸokantābim
|
*toɸareuɸokantābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
*toɸareuɸokantou
|
*toɸareuɸokantā
|
| vocative
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
*toɸareuɸokantou
|
*toɸareuɸokantā
|
| accusative
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
*toɸareuɸokantou
|
*toɸareuɸokantā
|
| genitive
|
*toɸareuɸokantī
|
*toɸareuɸokantous
|
*toɸareuɸokantom
|
| dative
|
*toɸareuɸokantūi
|
*toɸareuɸokantobom
|
*toɸareuɸokantobos
|
| instrumental
|
*toɸareuɸokantū
|
*toɸareuɸokantobim
|
*toɸareuɸokantobis
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Derived terms
- Proto-Brythonic: *dėrwɵ̇gėnɨd
- Old Breton: darcenneti
- Welsh: darogan
- Goidelic:
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 382