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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂néti (“to sing”), from the root *keh₂n-.[1] Cognate with Latin canere (“to sing, chant, sound, play (an instrument)”) and possibly Sanskrit कणति (kaṇati, “to make noise, cry out, call”).
Verb
*kaneti[1]
- to sing
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*kanū
|
*kanemam
|
*kikanasū
|
*kekāna
|
| 2nd singular
|
*kanesi
|
*kanetās
|
*kikanasesi
|
*kekānas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*kaneti
|
*kaneto
|
*kikanaseti
|
*kekāne
|
| 1st plural
|
*kanomosi
|
*kanemo
|
*kikanasomosi
|
*kekānmo
|
| 2nd plural
|
*kanetesi
|
*kanestē
|
*kikanasetesi
|
*kekāne
|
| 3rd plural
|
*kanonti
|
*kanento
|
*kikanasonti
|
*kekānars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*kanasū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*kanasesi
|
?
|
*kane
|
| 3rd singular
|
*kanaseti
|
?
|
*kanetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*kanasomosi
|
?
|
*kanomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*kanasetesi
|
?
|
*kanete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*kanasonti
|
?
|
*kanontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*kanūr
|
—
|
*kikanasūr
|
*kekānra
|
| 2nd singular
|
*kanetar
|
—
|
*kikanasetar
|
*kekānras?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*kanetor
|
?
|
*kikanasetor
|
*kekānre
|
| 1st plural
|
*kanommor
|
—
|
*kikanasommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*kanedwe
|
—
|
*kikanasedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*kanontor
|
?
|
*kikanasontor
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*kanasūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*kanasetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*kanasetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*kanasommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*kanasedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*kanasontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kanonts
|
*kanonte
|
*kanontes
|
| vocative
|
*kanonts
|
*kanonte
|
*kanontes
|
| accusative
|
*kanontam
|
*kanonte
|
*kanontans
|
| genitive
|
*kanantos
|
*?
|
*kanantom
|
| dative
|
*kanantei
|
*kanantbom
|
*kanantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*kanantī?
|
*kanantbim
|
*kanantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kanantī
|
*kanantī
|
*kanantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*kanantī
|
*kanantī
|
*kanantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*kanantīm
|
*kanantī
|
*kanantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*kanantyās
|
*?
|
*kanantyom
|
| dative
|
*kanantyāi
|
*kanantyābom
|
*kanantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*kanantyābim
|
*kanantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kanont
|
*?
|
*kanonta
|
| vocative
|
*kanont
|
*?
|
*kanonta
|
| accusative
|
*kanont
|
*?
|
*kanonta
|
| genitive
|
*kanantos
|
*?
|
*kanantom
|
| dative
|
*kanantei
|
*?
|
*kanantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*kanantī?
|
*?
|
*kanantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kanomnos
|
*kanomnou
|
*kanomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*kanomne
|
*kanomnou
|
*kanomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*kanomnom
|
*kanomnou
|
*kanomnons
|
| genitive
|
*kanomnī
|
*kanomnous
|
*kanomnom
|
| dative
|
*kanomnūi
|
*kanomnobom
|
*kanomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*kanomnū
|
*kanomnobim
|
*kanomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kanomnā
|
*kanomnai
|
*kanomnās
|
| vocative
|
*kanomnā
|
*kanomnai
|
*kanomnās
|
| accusative
|
*kanomnam
|
*kanomnai
|
*kanomnans
|
| genitive
|
*kanomnās
|
*kanomnous
|
*kanomnom
|
| dative
|
*kanomnai
|
*kanomnābom
|
*kanomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*kanomnābim
|
*kanomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kanomnom
|
*kanomnou
|
*kanomnā
|
| vocative
|
*kanomnom
|
*kanomnou
|
*kanomnā
|
| accusative
|
*kanomnom
|
*kanomnou
|
*kanomnā
|
| genitive
|
*kanomnī
|
*kanomnous
|
*kanomnom
|
| dative
|
*kanomnūi
|
*kanomnobom
|
*kanomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*kanomnū
|
*kanomnobim
|
*kanomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kantos
|
*kantou
|
*kantoi
|
| vocative
|
*kante
|
*kantou
|
*kantoi
|
| accusative
|
*kantom
|
*kantou
|
*kantons
|
| genitive
|
*kantī
|
*kantous
|
*kantom
|
| dative
|
*kantūi
|
*kantobom
|
*kantobos
|
| instrumental
|
*kantū
|
*kantobim
|
*kantobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kantā
|
*kantai
|
*kantās
|
| vocative
|
*kantā
|
*kantai
|
*kantās
|
| accusative
|
*kantam
|
*kantai
|
*kantans
|
| genitive
|
*kantās
|
*kantous
|
*kantom
|
| dative
|
*kantai
|
*kantābom
|
*kantābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*kantābim
|
*kantābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*kantom
|
*kantou
|
*kantā
|
| vocative
|
*kantom
|
*kantou
|
*kantā
|
| accusative
|
*kantom
|
*kantou
|
*kantā
|
| genitive
|
*kantī
|
*kantous
|
*kantom
|
| dative
|
*kantūi
|
*kantobom
|
*kantobos
|
| instrumental
|
*kantū
|
*kantobim
|
*kantobis
|
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kan-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 187