Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þwangiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

  • *þwangaz

Etymology

From earlier *þwanguz, from *þwinhaną (“to press”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈθwɑŋ.ɡiz/

Noun

*þwangiz m[1]

  1. restraint, pressure
  2. belt, strap, thong

Inflection

Declension of *þwangiz (i-stem)
singular plural
nominative *þwangiz *þwangīz
vocative *þwangi *þwangīz
accusative *þwangį *þwanginz
genitive *þwangīz *þwangijǫ̂
dative *þwangī *þwangimaz
instrumental *þwangī *þwangimiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *þwangi, *þwang m (strong a-stem)
    • Old English: þwang, þwong, þwæng, þweng
      • Middle English: thong, thwong, thwang
        • English: thong
        • Scots: thwang, thwayng, thang
        • Yola: fong
    • Old Frisian: thwong, thwang
    • Old Saxon: *thwang
      • Middle Low German: dwanc, dwank
        • German Low German: Dwang
    • Old Dutch: *thwang
    • Old High German: dwang (“bit, bridle, rein, restraint”)
      • Middle High German: twanc
  • Old Norse: þvengr
    • Icelandic: þvengur
    • Faroese: tvongur
    • Norwegian: tveng (dialectal)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*þwangi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 555
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