Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    Usually held to be a borrowing from Latin -ārius; at the very least, it was probably influenced and reinforced by it.[1][2][3]

    However, Gąsiorowski instead suggests that *-ārijaz is a native formation; he derives it from earlier *-azrijaz, which he etymologises as a zero-grade form of *-sōr suffixed with *-ih₂, creating a suffix *-sr-ih₂ for forming feminine agent nouns, which was then masculinised by attaching *-ós. He also suggests a relation to Proto-West Germanic *-astrijā.[4]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ɑː.ri.jɑz/

    Noun

    *-ārijaz m

    1. -er. Forms agent nouns, especially denoting occupations, from other nouns.[1][2][3]
      Synonyms: *-jô, *-ndz (more general agent noun suffixes)

    Inflection

    Declension of *-ārijaz (masculine ja-stem)
    singular plural
    nominative *-ārijaz *-ārijōz, *-ārijōs
    vocative *-ārī *-ārijōz, *-ārijōs
    accusative *-āriją *-ārijanz
    genitive *-ārijas, *-ārīs *-ārijǫ̂
    dative *-ārijai *-ārijamaz
    instrumental *-ārijō *-ārijamiz

    Derived terms

    Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ārijaz
    Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakārijaz
    Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fiskārijaz
    Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/raubārijaz
    Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skipārijaz

    Descendants

    This suffix was conflated with the suffixal use of the noun *warjaz in many languages, eventually causing both to be treated as one.[5][6]

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “-er, suffix1”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume III (D–E), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 264, column 3.
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lloyd, Albert L., Lühr, Rosemarie (1988) “-ā̆ri”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen‎[1] (in German), volumes I: a – bezzisto, Göttingen/Zürich: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 326
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 138
    4. ^ Gąsiorowski, Piotr (17 November 2017) “Cherchez la femme: Two Germanic suffixes, one etymology”, in Folia Linguistica Historica, volume 51, number s38, →DOI, pages 125–147
    5. ^ Foerste, William (1969) “Die germanischen Stammesnamen auf -varii”, in Karl Hauck, editor, Frühmittelalterliche Studien, volume 3, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →DOI
    6. ^ Braune, Wilhelm (2004) Ingo von Reifenstein, editor, Althochdeutsche Grammatik (Sammlung Kurzer Grammatiken Germanisches Dialekte; 5), 15th edition, volume I: Laut- und Formenlehre, Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, § 200, page 192: “Das Suffix -wari in Völkernamen ist nach Schwund des w (Kluge 1887, 378) mit -äri verschmolzen”
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.