Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/aukaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwg-e-ti, from *h₂ewg- (to increase). Cognate with Latin augeō (I augment).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*aukaną[1]

  1. to increase, to grow

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 7b)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *aukō *aukaų *aukai ?
2nd singular *aukizi *aukaiz *auk *aukazai *aukaizau
3rd singular *aukidi *aukai *aukadau *aukadai *aukaidau
1st dual *aukōz *aukaiw
2nd dual *aukadiz *aukaidiz *aukadiz
1st plural *aukamaz *aukaim *aukandai *aukaindau
2nd plural *aukid *aukaid *aukid *aukandai *aukaindau
3rd plural *aukandi *aukain *aukandau *aukandai *aukaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *eauk *eaukį̄
2nd singular *eauht *eaukīz
3rd singular *eauk *eaukī
1st dual *eaukū *eaukīw
2nd dual *eaukudiz *eaukīdiz
1st plural *eaukum *eaukīm
2nd plural *eaukud *eaukīd
3rd plural *eaukun *eaukīn
present past
participles *aukandz *aukanaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *aukan
    • Old English: ēacan
    • Old Frisian: āka
    • Old Saxon: ōkan
    • Old Dutch: *ōkan
    • Old High German: ouhhan, ouchan (in derivatives)
  • Old Norse: auka
    • Icelandic: auka
    • Faroese: eyka
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: auka
      • Norwegian Bokmål: auke
    • Old Swedish: ø̄ka
    • Old Danish: økæ
      • Danish: øge
      • Scanian: øga
    • Old Gutnish: auka
      • Gutnish: aukä
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (aukan)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*aukan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 42