Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/burjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Zero-grade ye-present, pre-Germanic *bʰr̥ye/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbur.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*burjaną^[1]^[2]

to lift up; levy
to be seemly; be fitting

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*burjō	*burjaų	—	*burjai	?
2nd singular	*burisi	*burjais	*buri	*burjasai	*burjaisau
3rd singular	*buriþi	*burjai	*burjaþau	*burjaþai	*burjaiþau
1st dual	*burjōs	*burjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*burjaþiz	*burjaiþiz	*burjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*burjamaz	*burjaim	—	*burjanþai	*burjainþau
2nd plural	*buriþ	*burjaiþ	*buriþ	*burjanþai	*burjainþau
3rd plural	*burjanþi	*burjain	*burjanþau	*burjanþai	*burjainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*buridǭ	*buridēdį̄
2nd singular	*buridēz	*buridēdīz
3rd singular	*buridē	*buridēdī
1st dual	*buridēdū	*buridēdīw
2nd dual	*buridēdudiz	*buridēdīdiz
1st plural	*buridēdum	*buridēdīm
2nd plural	*buridēdud	*buridēdīd
3rd plural	*buridēdun	*buridēdīn

	present	past
participles	*burjandz	*buridaz

Derived terms

*gaburjaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *burjan
- Old English: byrian
  - Middle English: birren, biren
- Old Frisian: bera
- Old Saxon: burian
  - Middle Low German: boren, bören
    - Low German: böhren
- Old Dutch: *burien
  - Middle Dutch: bueren
    - Dutch: beuren
      - Afrikaans: beur
    - Limburgish: beure, bäöre
- Old High German: burien, burren
  - Middle High German: bürn
Old Norse: byrja
- Icelandic: byrja
- Faroese: byrja
- Norwegian Bokmål: børje (dialectal)
- Norwegian Nynorsk: byrja; bydja, byrre, børja, børje (dialectal)
- Old Swedish: byria
  - Swedish: börja
- Old Danish: byriæ
  - Danish: børje, burde
  - Scanian: børja
- Gutnish: byre

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*burjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*burjanan ~ *burjōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*burjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85

[Orel-2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*burjanan ~ *burjōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64

[1]

[2]