Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drinkaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrenǵ- (“to draw into one's mouth, sip, gulp”), nasalised variant of *dʰreǵ- (“to draw, glide”). Cognate with Lithuanian drė́gti (“to become moist”), Sanskrit ध्रजति (dhrájati, “to glide, swoop”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdriŋ.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*drinkaną
- to drink
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *drinkō | *drinkaų | — | *drinkai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *drinkizi | *drinkaiz | *drink | *drinkazai | *drinkaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *drinkidi | *drinkai | *drinkadau | *drinkadai | *drinkaidau | |
| 1st dual | *drinkōz | *drinkaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *drinkadiz | *drinkaidiz | *drinkadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *drinkamaz | *drinkaim | — | *drinkandai | *drinkaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *drinkid | *drinkaid | *drinkid | *drinkandai | *drinkaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *drinkandi | *drinkain | *drinkandau | *drinkandai | *drinkaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *drank | *drunkį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *dranht | *drunkīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *drank | *drunkī | ||||
| 1st dual | *drunkū | *drunkīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *drunkudiz | *drunkīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *drunkum | *drunkīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *drunkud | *drunkīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *drunkun | *drunkīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *drinkandz | *drunkanaz | ||||
Derived terms
- *drankijaną
- *drunkanaz
- *drunkiz
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *drinkan
- Old English: drincan
- Old Frisian: drinka
- Old Saxon: drinkan
- Old Dutch: drincan
- Old High German: trinkan
- Middle High German: trinken
- Alemannic German: trinke
- Bavarian: trinkn, dringa
- Central Franconian: drenke, dronke, drönke (Eifel), drinke (Kölsch), drinke
- Hunsrik: drinke
- German: trinken
- Luxembourgish: drénken
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: drinke
- Vilamovian: trynkja
- Yiddish: טרינקען (trinken)
- → Middle French: trinquer
- French: trinquer
- → Galician: trincar
- → Italian: trincare
- → Sicilian: ntrincari
- → Spanish: trincar
- → Venetan: trincar, trincàr
- Middle High German: trinken
- Old Norse: drekka, drikka
- Gothic: 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌽 (drigkan)
- Vandalic: drincan
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*drinkan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 103
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*đrenkanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75