Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erþōfastuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *erþōfastaz[1]

Etymology

From *erþō (“earth”) +‎ *fastuz (“fast”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈer.θɔːˌɸɑs.tuz/

Adjective

*erþōfastuz

  1. fixed to the ground

Inflection

Declension of *erþōfastuz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *erþōfastuz *erþōfastī *erþōfastų, *-jatō *erþōfastijai *erþōfastijôz *erþōfastijō
accusative *erþōfastijanǭ *erþōfastijǭ *erþōfastų, *-jatō *erþōfastijanz *erþōfastijōz *erþōfastijō
genitive *erþōfastijas, *erþōfastīs *erþōfastijaizōz *erþōfastijas, *erþōfastīs *erþōfastijaizǫ̂ *erþōfastijaizǫ̂ *erþōfastijaizǫ̂
dative *erþōfastijammai *erþōfastijaizōi *erþōfastijammai *erþōfastijaimaz *erþōfastijaimaz *erþōfastijaimaz
instrumental *erþōfastijanō *erþōfastijaizō *erþōfastijanō *erþōfastijaimiz *erþōfastijaimiz *erþōfastijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *erþōfastijô *erþōfastijǭ *erþōfastijô *erþōfastijaniz *erþōfastijōniz *erþōfastijōnō
accusative *erþōfastijanų *erþōfastijōnų *erþōfastijô *erþōfastijanunz *erþōfastijōnunz *erþōfastijōnō
genitive *erþōfastīniz *erþōfastijōniz *erþōfastīniz *erþōfastijanǫ̂ *erþōfastijōnǫ̂ *erþōfastijanǫ̂
dative *erþōfastīni *erþōfastijōni *erþōfastīni *erþōfastijammaz *erþōfastijōmaz *erþōfastijammaz
instrumental *erþōfastīnē *erþōfastijōnē *erþōfastīnē *erþōfastijammiz *erþōfastijōmiz *erþōfastijammiz

Descendants

  • Old English: eorþfæst, eorþfest
    • Middle English: *erthfast, *erdfast
      • Scots: erdfast, eirdfast
  • Old Frisian: erthfest
  • Old Saxon: *erthafast, *erthfast
    • Middle Low German: erdfast, ērdvast, ērtvast
  • Dutch: aardvast
  • German: erdfest
  • Old Norse: jarðfastr
    • Icelandic: jarðfastur

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*erþafastaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85
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