Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fastuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *fastaz, *fastijaz

Etymology

Connected with Old Armenian հաստ (hast, “firm, steady, standing still, tough; thick, dense, broad”), possibly also Sanskrit पस्त्य n (pastyá, “stall, stable ← stable habitation”), पस्त्या f (pastyā́, “homestead, dwelling, household”), and usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *pastV- (“solid, stable”).[1] Kroonen separates the Sanskrit and reconstructs the Proto-Indo-European root for Armenian and Germanic as *pHst-, according to him from earlier *ph₂ǵ-sth₂-, a compound of *peh₂ǵ- (“to become firm”) (compare Ancient Greek πήγνυμι (pḗgnumi, “to fasten, fix, make solid”)) and *steh₂- (“to stand”).[2]

However, according to Martirosyan “we are hardly dealing with a Proto-Indo-European word,” rather a substrate word shared by Armenian, Germanic, and possibly also Indo-Aryan. See հաստ (hast) for more on this.[3]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɸɑs.tuz/

Adjective

*fastuz

  1. fixed, firm, secure

Inflection

Declension of *fastuz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *fastuz *fastī *fastų, *-jatō *fastijai *fastijôz *fastijō
accusative *fastijanǭ *fastijǭ *fastų, *-jatō *fastijanz *fastijōz *fastijō
genitive *fastijas, *fastīs *fastijaizōz *fastijas, *fastīs *fastijaizǫ̂ *fastijaizǫ̂ *fastijaizǫ̂
dative *fastijammai *fastijaizōi *fastijammai *fastijaimaz *fastijaimaz *fastijaimaz
instrumental *fastijanō *fastijaizō *fastijanō *fastijaimiz *fastijaimiz *fastijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *fastijô *fastijǭ *fastijô *fastijaniz *fastijōniz *fastijōnō
accusative *fastijanų *fastijōnų *fastijô *fastijanunz *fastijōnunz *fastijōnō
genitive *fastīniz *fastijōniz *fastīniz *fastijanǫ̂ *fastijōnǫ̂ *fastijanǫ̂
dative *fastīni *fastijōni *fastīni *fastijammaz *fastijōmaz *fastijammaz
instrumental *fastīnē *fastijōnē *fastīnē *fastijammiz *fastijōmiz *fastijammiz

Derived terms

  • *fastanją
  • *fastāną
  • *fastijaną
  • *fastį̄
    • Old Norse: festi

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 204b
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fastu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
  3. ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “hast”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 390
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