Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fuglaz
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Likely dissimilated from earlier *fluglaz, from pre-Proto-Germanic *pluk-ló-s, from *pleuketi (“to fly”) (whence Proto-Germanic *fleuganą) + *-lós (agent noun suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (“to fly”).[1][2] Parallel construction with *flugilaz (“wing”), from *fleuganą + *-ilaz. Alternatively cognate with Lithuanian paũkštis (“bird”), itself perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *powk-sti-s, from presumed root *pewk-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɸuɣ.lɑz/
Noun
Inflection
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | *fuglaz | *fuglōz, *fuglōs |
vocative | *fugl | *fuglōz, *fuglōs |
accusative | *fuglą | *fuglanz |
genitive | *fuglas, *fuglis | *fuglǫ̂ |
dative | *fuglai | *fuglamaz |
instrumental | *fuglō | *fuglamiz |
Related terms
- *flugulaz (“able to fly; flying (swiftly)”)
- Proto-West Germanic: *flugol
- Old English: flugol
- Old Norse: flogall (“volatile”)
- Proto-West Germanic: *flugol
- *flukkaz (“flock”)
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *fugl
- Old English: fugol, fugel, fugul, *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)
- Old Frisian: fugel
- Old Saxon: fugal
- Old Dutch: fogal, vogal
- Old High German: fogal, fugal
- Middle High German: vogel
- Alemannic German: Fogel, Vogel
- Central Franconian: Vuggel, Vugel (Colognian Academy spelling), Vuul (scattered variant in Moselle Franconian)
- Hunsrik: Foghel
- Kölsch: Furrel
- Cimbrian: vóoghel, bóoghel, vogl
- German: Vogel
- Luxembourgish: Vugel, Vull
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: Voggel
- Vilamovian: föguł
- Yiddish: פֿויגל (foygl)
- Middle High German: vogel
- Old Norse: fogl, fugl
- Gothic: 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 (fugls)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fugla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 157
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*fuʒlaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 116–117