Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hazjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱh₁s-ié, derived from *ḱeh₁s- (“to call, to command, to instruct”).[1] Related to Sanskrit शस्ति (śasti, “praise, command”), Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬯𐬙𐬎 (sāstu, “to teach”) and Old Armenian սաստ (sast, “scolding, rebuke”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxɑz.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hazjaną[1][2]

  1. to call, shout
  2. to praise

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hazjō *hazjaų — *hazjai ?
2nd singular *hazisi *hazjais *hazi *hazjasai *hazjaisau
3rd singular *haziþi *hazjai *hazjaþau *hazjaþai *hazjaiþau
1st dual *hazjōs *hazjaiw — — —
2nd dual *hazjaþiz *hazjaiþiz *hazjaþiz — —
1st plural *hazjamaz *hazjaim — *hazjanþai *hazjainþau
2nd plural *haziþ *hazjaiþ *haziþ *hazjanþai *hazjainþau
3rd plural *hazjanþi *hazjain *hazjanþau *hazjanþai *hazjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hazidǭ *hazidēdį̄
2nd singular *hazidēz *hazidēdīz
3rd singular *hazidē *hazidēdī
1st dual *hazidēdū *hazidēdīw
2nd dual *hazidēdudiz *hazidēdīdiz
1st plural *hazidēdum *hazidēdīm
2nd plural *hazidēdud *hazidēdīd
3rd plural *hazidēdun *hazidēdīn
present past
participles *hazjandz *hazidaz

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hazjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 218
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xazjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 167
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