Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlōaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kloh₁-ye-, frequentative form of *kleh₁- (to call, shout), from *kelh₁- (to shout). Cognate with Latin clāmō (cry out, shout, claim), Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō, call, summon, invite).

Verb

*hlōaną

  1. to shout
  2. to bellow; roar

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 7e)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hlōō *hlōaų *hlōai ?
2nd singular *hlōizi *hlōaiz *hlō *hlōazai *hlōaizau
3rd singular *hlōidi *hlōai *hlōadau *hlōadai *hlōaidau
1st dual *hlōōz *hlōaiw
2nd dual *hlōadiz *hlōaidiz *hlōadiz
1st plural *hlōamaz *hlōaim *hlōandai *hlōaindau
2nd plural *hlōid *hlōaid *hlōid *hlōandai *hlōaindau
3rd plural *hlōandi *hlōain *hlōandau *hlōandai *hlōaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hehlō *hehlōį̄
2nd singular *hehlōt *hehlōīz
3rd singular *hehlō *hehlōī
1st dual *hehlōū *hehlōīw
2nd dual *hehlōudiz *hehlōīdiz
1st plural *hehlōum *hehlōīm
2nd plural *hehlōud *hehlōīd
3rd plural *hehlōun *hehlōīn
present past
participles *hlōandz *hlōanaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hlōan
    • Old English: hlōwan
      • Middle English: lowen, louen, loowen, louwen, lhouen
        • English: low
        • Scots: low
    • Old Saxon: hlōjan, *hlōgian
      • Middle Low German: lōien, lūgen
    • Old Dutch: luoien
    • Old High German: hlōjan, hlōon, hluoen, lōwan, luoen, luon, luogen
      • Middle High German: luogen, lüewen, lüejen, lüen
  • Old Norse: hlóa; hlói m
    • Icelandic: hlóa