Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrindaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Probably a nasal-infixed formation from Proto-Indo-European *kret- (to beat, strike, hit, shake); compare Lithuanian krañtas (shorebank) for a potential cognate with similar formation.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxrin.dɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hrindaną[1]

  1. to push, thrust

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hrindō *hrindaų *hrindai ?
2nd singular *hrindizi *hrindaiz *hrind *hrindazai *hrindaizau
3rd singular *hrindidi *hrindai *hrindadau *hrindadai *hrindaidau
1st dual *hrindōz *hrindaiw
2nd dual *hrindadiz *hrindaidiz *hrindadiz
1st plural *hrindamaz *hrindaim *hrindandai *hrindaindau
2nd plural *hrindid *hrindaid *hrindid *hrindandai *hrindaindau
3rd plural *hrindandi *hrindain *hrindandau *hrindandai *hrindaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hrand *hrundį̄
2nd singular *hranst *hrundīz
3rd singular *hrand *hrundī
1st dual *hrundū *hrundīw
2nd dual *hrundudiz *hrundīdiz
1st plural *hrundum *hrundīm
2nd plural *hrundud *hrundīd
3rd plural *hrundun *hrundīn
present past
participles *hrindandz *hrundanaz

Derived terms

  • *hrandijaną

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hrindan
  • Old Norse: hrinda

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xrenđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 185