Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrisjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreys- (“to bend; turn; move; shake”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxris.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hrisjaną^[1]

to shake

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hrisjō	*hrisjaų	—	*hrisjai	?
2nd singular	*hrisisi	*hrisjais	*hrisi	*hrisjasai	*hrisjaisau
3rd singular	*hrisiþi	*hrisjai	*hrisjaþau	*hrisjaþai	*hrisjaiþau
1st dual	*hrisjōs	*hrisjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hrisjaþiz	*hrisjaiþiz	*hrisjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hrisjamaz	*hrisjaim	—	*hrisjanþai	*hrisjainþau
2nd plural	*hrisiþ	*hrisjaiþ	*hrisiþ	*hrisjanþai	*hrisjainþau
3rd plural	*hrisjanþi	*hrisjain	*hrisjanþau	*hrisjanþai	*hrisjainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hrisidǭ	*hrisidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hrisidēz	*hrisidēdīz
3rd singular	*hrisidē	*hrisidēdī
1st dual	*hrisidēdū	*hrisidēdīw
2nd dual	*hrisidēdudiz	*hrisidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hrisidēdum	*hrisidēdīm
2nd plural	*hrisidēdud	*hrisidēdīd
3rd plural	*hrisidēdun	*hrisidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*hrisjandz	*hrisidaz

Derived terms

*hrisilaz
*hrīstǭ

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hrissjan
- Old English: hrissan; hrisian, hrysian
  - Middle English: resien, rusien, resen
- Old Saxon: hrissian
  - Middle Low German: rissen
⇒ Gothic: 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ushrisjan)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xrisjanan ~ *xrisōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xrisjanan ~ *xrisōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

[1]