Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jestuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *jesaną +‎ *-þuz.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈjes.tuz/

Noun

*jestuz m^[1]

fermentation; byproducts or agents of fermentation; yeast

Inflection

Declension of *jestuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*jestuz	*jistiwiz
vocative	*jestu	*jistiwiz
accusative	*jestų	*jestunz
genitive	*jestauz	*jistiwǫ̂
dative	*jistiwi	*jestumaz
instrumental	*jestū	*jestumiz

Synonyms

*drōhsaz

Related terms

*jesaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *jestu
- Old English: ġiest, ġist, ġyst
  - Middle English: yeest
    - Scots: yest
    - English: yeast
- Old Frisian: *gest, *jest
  - Saterland Frisian: Gääst, Jääst
  - West Frisian: gêst, gist
- Old Saxon: *gest
  - Middle Low German: gest
    - German Low German: Geste, Gest, Gist
      - → German: Gest (northern Germany)
- Old Dutch: *gest, *gist
  - Middle Dutch: gest, gist
    - Dutch: gist
      - Afrikaans: gis
    - Limburgish: ges
- Old High German: *jest, *gest
  - Middle High German: jest, gest
    - Alemannic German: Jëst
    - German: Gischt, Jast, Jäst
Old Norse: jǫstr
- Icelandic: jöstur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: jester, jest
- Norwegian Bokmål: jest
- Old Swedish: iæster
  - Swedish: jäst

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*jestu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 273

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*jestu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 273

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