Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kāsijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cāseus.^[1]

Noun

*kāsijaz m

(Northwest Germanic) cheese

Inflection

Declension of *kāsijaz (masculine ja-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kāsijaz	kāsijōz, kāsijōs
vocative	*kāsī	kāsijōz, kāsijōs
accusative	*kāsiją	*kāsijanz
genitive	kāsijas, kāsīs	*kāsijǫ̂
dative	*kāsijai	*kāsijamaz
instrumental	*kāsijō	*kāsijamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *kāsī
- Old English: ċīese, ċǣse, ċēse, ċȳse, cȳsa
  - Middle English: chese, cheese, chesse, cheys, chiese, chise, cæse, ceose, cuse, cyse (Early Middle English)
    - English: cheese (see there for further descendants)
    - Scots: cheese
- Old Frisian: tzīse, *tzēse^[2]
  - North Frisian:
    Föhr-Amrum: sees
    Helgoland: sīs, sīz
    Mooring: säis
    Wiedingharde: sees
  - East Frisian:
    Harlingerland Frisian: tzise, tzyse
    Saterland Frisian: Síes
    Wangerooge Frisian: siiz
    Wursten Frisian: zise, schieese
  - West Frisian: tsiis, tsjiis
    Hindeloopen: sees
    Schiermonnikoog: tjiis
- Old Saxon: kāsi
  - Middle Low German: kêse
    - Low German: Käse
      - Dutch Low Saxon: keze
      - German Low German: Kees
    - Plautdietsch: Kjees
- Old Dutch: *cāsi
  - Middle Dutch: câse, kese (eastern)
    - Dutch: kaas
      - Afrikaans: kaas
        → Sotho: kase
        → Tswana: kase
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: kasi
      - Jersey Dutch: kääs
      - Negerhollands: kaas, kaes
      - → Aukan: kasi
      - → Papiamentu: keshi (from the diminutive)
      - → Peranakan Indonesian: kas
      - → Sranan Tongo: kasi
        → Caribbean Hindustani: kási
        → Saramaccan: kási
    - Limburgish: kieës, kees
- Old High German: kāsi, chāsi
  - Middle High German: kæse
    - Alemannic German: Chääs, Chees, Chèès
      Alsatian: Käs
      Swabian: Kääs
      Walser: cheisch, chesch, chiesch, chääs, chìŝch
    - Bavarian: Kas, Kaas
      Cimbrian: kese, khes, khéeze
      Mòcheno: kas
      Udinese: ckaas, kase, khase
    - East Franconian: Kaas, Kees
    - German: Käse
    - Hunsrik: Kees
    - Kölsch: Kies
    - Luxembourgish: Kéis
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Hessian: Käs
      Palatine German: Kees
      Pennsylvania German: Kaes
    - Vilamovian: kȳz
    - Yiddish: קעז (kez)
Old Norse: kæsir
- Icelandic: kæsir
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kjese
- Elfdalian: kęse
- Danish: kæse
→ Proto-Samic: *kāsëjē (see there for further descendants)
→? Proto-Finnic: *kahja (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) “kæsa”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
^ Norbruis, Stefan (2015) “tsiis”, in Etymological Dictionary of West Frisian Farming Vocabulary‎^[1], Leiden: Leiden University, page 42.

[1] Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) “kæsa”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

[2] Norbruis, Stefan (2015) “tsiis”, in Etymological Dictionary of West Frisian Farming Vocabulary‎^[1], Leiden: Leiden University, page 42.

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