Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kitilōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*kitlōną, *kutilōną

Etymology

From *kitōną, from Proto-Indo-European *geyd- (“to sting; prick; tickle”) +‎ *-lōną. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *gъdьlъ (“tickle”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈki.ti.lɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kitilōną

to tickle

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*kitilō	*kitilǭ	—	*kitilōi	?
2nd singular	*kitilōsi	*kitilōs	*kitilō	*kitilōsai	*kitilōsau
3rd singular	*kitilōþi	*kitilō	*kitilōþau	*kitilōþai	*kitilōþau
1st dual	*kitilōs	*kitilōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kitilōþiz	*kitilōþiz	*kitilōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*kitilōmaz	*kitilōm	—	*kitilōnþai	*kitilōnþau
2nd plural	*kitilōþ	*kitilōþ	*kitilōþ	*kitilōnþai	*kitilōnþau
3rd plural	*kitilōnþi	*kitilōn	*kitilōnþau	*kitilōnþai	*kitilōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kitilōdǭ	*kitilōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*kitilōdēz	*kitilōdēdīz
3rd singular	*kitilōdē	*kitilōdēdī
1st dual	*kitilōdēdū	*kitilōdēdīw
2nd dual	*kitilōdēdudiz	*kitilōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*kitilōdēdum	*kitilōdēdīm
2nd plural	*kitilōdēdud	*kitilōdēdīd
3rd plural	*kitilōdēdun	*kitilōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*kitilōndz	*kitilōdaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *kitilōn
- Old Frisian: *kitelja
  - Saterland Frisian: kiddelje
  - West Frisian: kitelje, kidelje
- Old Saxon: kitilōn
  - Middle Low German: kittelen, kettelen
    - Low German: ketteln, keteln
      - German Low German: kiddeln, killern
      - → German: killern
- Old Dutch: *kitilon
  - Middle Dutch: kitelen, ketelen, kittelen, kietelen
    - Dutch: kietelen, ketelen (obsolete), kittelen (dialectal), ketelen, kittelen
      - Negerhollands: kettel
- Old High German: kizilōn, kuzilōn, kizzilōn, chizzilōn, chuzzilōn
  - Middle High German: kitzlen, kitzeln
    - Cimbrian: kitzalan
    - German: kitzeln, kützeln, kutzeln
Old Norse: kitla
- Icelandic: kitla
- Faroese: kitla
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kitla, kitle (e- and split infinitives), kile
- Norwegian Bokmål: kile, kisle, kitle
- Old Swedish: kitla, kitzla
  - Swedish: kittla
- Danish: kilde, kildre
- → Old English: citelian
  - Middle English: kitelen
    - English: kittle
    - Scots: kittil, kittill