Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klumpô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Perhaps leveled from an earlier n-stem *kl(e/a)mbô ~ *klumppaz, from Proto-Indo-European *glembʰ- (“clasp; mass”), apparently a nasal-infixed form of *glebʰ- (“to clasp”) (compare Lithuanian glė́bti (“to clasp, clench, seize; to embrace; to take care of”), Latvian glēbt (“to guard, protect”); Lithuanian glóbti (“to hug, embrace; to wrap up; to care for”), Latvian glābt (“to guard, protect, help”); Slovene glábiti (“to rake together, gather”)), itself possibly extended from *gel- (“to form into a ball; ball”). Most cognates however are uncertain and affected by sound-symbolism; see e.g. Latin glaeba, globus, glomus and Proto-West Germanic *klott (“clod”).

On the other hand, Derksen considers the root in Germanic and Balto-Slavic to be an isogloss of substrate origin, due to variation in both the initial consonant (*g⁽ʰ⁾ ~ *k; cf. Lithuanian klė́bti (“to embrace”)) and final consonant (*bʰ ~ *(m)b)—the latter further evidenced by varying vowel length and accent in Baltic—as well as the intervening vowel (cf. Lithuanian glaũbti). Additionally there are similar words in both branches from initial *gr-: compare Proto-Germanic *krampô (“clamp”), Lithuanian grė́bti (“to rake; to seize, rob”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈklum.pɔːː/

Noun

*klumpô m(West Germanic)

  1. clasp; clamp
    Synonym: *krampô
  2. lump; mass; clump

Inflection

Declension of *klumpô (masculine an-stem)
singular plural
nominative *klumpô *klumpaniz
vocative *klumpô *klumpaniz
accusative *klumpanų *klumpanunz
genitive *klumpiniz *klumpanǫ̂
dative *klumpini *klumpammaz
instrumental *klumpinē *klumpammiz
  • *klupjaną

Descendants

  • Old English: *clympe; clympre, clymppe
  • Old Frisian: klumpa
  • Old Saxon: *klumpo
  • Old Dutch: *klumpo
  • Old High German: *klumpo (Central German)
    • Middle High German: *klumpe (attested 15th c.)
      • German: Klumpen (reinforced by Low German)
      • Hunsrik: Klumpe

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “glėbti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 181
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