glomus

Borrowed from Latin glomus.

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡloʊməs/

glomus (plural glomera)

1. A fold of the mesothelium arising near the base of the mesentery in the pronephron, and containing a ball of blood vessels.
2. A highly organized vessel that connects an artery and a vein (bypassing capillaries) in an extremity such as a finger, toe, or ear or in another organ that is not part of the body's core. The glomus regulates the flow of blood, controlling temperature in order to conserve heat in the organ and, indirectly, controls the blood pressure and other functions of the circulatory system.
   • 2001 April 20, Hao Zhu, H. Franklin Bunn, “SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: How Do Cells Sense Oxygen?”, in Science‎^[1], volume 292, number 5516, →DOI, pages 449–451:

     The up-regulation of this enzyme in glomus cells of the carotid body in the neck enables the hypoxic animal to achieve a sustained increase in ventilation.

• glomus cell
• glomus tumor

• glomic
• glomus caroticum
• glomus carotideum
• glomus choroideum
• glomus coccygeum

• moguls

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“form into a ball; ball”), but the morphology is unclear; more information at globus and glaeba. Formal difficulties notwithstanding, apparently cognate with Sanskrit ग्लुन्थ (gluntha, “lump”), Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“mass, lump, clump; clasp”) and Proto-West Germanic *klott (“clod, lump, ball”) if this etymology is correct.

glomus n (genitive glomeris); third declension

1. ball-shaped mass
2. ball of thread, yarn

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

• globus

• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “glŏmus”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 283
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “glŏmus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 4: G H I, page 163

• “glomus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “glomus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "glomus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• glomus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.