glaeba

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Traditionally considered somehow derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel- (“to form into a ball; ball”) and thereby cognate with globus, glomus, Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“mass, lump, clump; clasp”), Proto-West Germanic *klott (“clod”) and others, (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) but the precise derivations of this form and its cognates are all uncertain. Alternatively (or additionally) related to Lithuanian glė́bti (“to embrace, clasp”) via an extended root *glebʰ-; however, this etymology only works if glēba is the older form.[1]

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

Noun

glaeba f (genitive glaebae); first declension

  1. clod (lump of earth)
  2. land, soil
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.531:
      “terra antīqua, potēns armīs atque ūbere glaebae”
      “[Hesperia, i.e., Italy:] an ancient land, strong in war, and also rich with fertile soils.”
  3. lump, mass of stuff

Declension

First-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative glaeba glaebae
genitive glaebae glaebārum
dative glaebae glaebīs
accusative glaebam glaebās
ablative glaebā glaebīs
vocative glaeba glaebae

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Insular Romance:
    • Sardinian:
      • Campidanese: lea
      • Logudorese: greva
      • Nuorese: cherba
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Neapolitan: glieva (medieval)
    • Old Italian: ghieva, geva, ghiova, chiova (last two influenced by globus)
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Romagnol: ghieppa (influenced by toppa "clod")
  • Southern Gallo-Romance:
    • Catalan: gleva
    • Old Occitan: gleva
      • Auvergnat: głẹyvo
      • Gascon: gléubo, glebo
      • Languedocien: glẹbo
      • Limousin: głevo
      • Vivaro-Alpine: gle̢yva
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Aragonese: lleba (Ribagorçan)
    • Galician: leiba
    • Portuguese: leiva
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin::
    • *glebescula
      • Sardinian: liesca (Logudorese)

Forms influenced by Oscan *glīfa:

  • Italo-Romance:
    • Neapolitan: łiva (Cilento), ddźifa (Rivello), ddźẹfe (Lucania), tśéifə (Bari), ñifa (Lecce, prefixed with in-), ñofa (Salento, prefixed with -in and influenced by globus)
    • Sicilian: łefa (Calabria)
  • Gallo-Italic.
    • Piedmontese: dživa
  • Gallo-Romance:
    • Occitan:

Borrowings:

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “glēba”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 264

Further reading

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