Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krimpaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Originally *krimbaną, with contamination of -p- from the iterative *krumpōną, from Pre-Germanic *grembʰ-, a nasalized form of Proto-Indo-European *grebʰ- (“to be crooked”). Possibly related to Proto-Slavic *gъrbъ (“hump”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkrim.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*krimpaną[1][2]

  1. to shrink, draw back

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krimpō *krimpaų — *krimpai ?
2nd singular *krimpizi *krimpaiz *krimp *krimpazai *krimpaizau
3rd singular *krimpidi *krimpai *krimpadau *krimpadai *krimpaidau
1st dual *krimpōz *krimpaiw — — —
2nd dual *krimpadiz *krimpaidiz *krimpadiz — —
1st plural *krimpamaz *krimpaim — *krimpandai *krimpaindau
2nd plural *krimpid *krimpaid *krimpid *krimpandai *krimpaindau
3rd plural *krimpandi *krimpain *krimpandau *krimpandai *krimpaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kramp *krumpį̄
2nd singular *kramft *krumpīz
3rd singular *kramp *krumpī
1st dual *krumpū *krumpīw
2nd dual *krumpudiz *krumpīdiz
1st plural *krumpum *krumpīm
2nd plural *krumpud *krumpīd
3rd plural *krumpun *krumpīn
present past
participles *krimpandz *krumpanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Old English: *crimpan (attested in ġecrympan)
  • Old Frisian: *krimpa
  • Old Saxon: *krimpan
  • Old Dutch: *crimpan
  • Old High German: *krimpfan, *krimphan, *krimfan (attested as krimfit)
    • Middle High German: krimpfen, grimpfen
      • German: krimpfen
  • Old Norse: kreppa, *krimpa (eastern); kroppinn (ppt.)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*krimpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 305
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*krempanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 221
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