Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

*kunnaną (“to know”) +‎ *-þaz (past participle suffix). See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

May also be analyzed as from pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós,[1] or analogical replacement of the suffix.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkun.θɑz/

Participle

*kunþaz[2][3]

  1. past participle of *kunnaną

Adjective

*kunþaz

  1. known

Inflection

Declension of *kunþaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kunþaz *kunþō *kunþą, -atō *kunþai *kunþôz *kunþō
accusative *kunþanǭ *kunþǭ *kunþą, -atō *kunþanz *kunþōz *kunþō
genitive *kunþas, -is *kunþaizōz *kunþas, -is *kunþaizǫ̂ *kunþaizǫ̂ *kunþaizǫ̂
dative *kunþammai *kunþaizōi *kunþammai *kunþaimaz *kunþaimaz *kunþaimaz
instrumental *kunþanō *kunþaizō *kunþanō *kunþaimiz *kunþaimiz *kunþaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *kunþô *kunþǭ *kunþô *kunþaniz *kunþōniz *kunþōnō
accusative *kunþanų *kunþōnų *kunþô *kunþanunz *kunþōnunz *kunþōnō
genitive *kunþiniz *kunþōniz *kunþiniz *kunþanǫ̂ *kunþōnǫ̂ *kunþanǫ̂
dative *kunþini *kunþōni *kunþini *kunþammaz *kunþōmaz *kunþammaz
instrumental *kunþinē *kunþōnē *kunþinē *kunþammiz *kunþōmiz *kunþammiz

Derived terms

  • *frakunþaz
  • *kundį̄
  • *kunþijaną
  • *kunþô
    • Proto-West Germanic: *kunþō
  • *unkunþaz

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kunþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 312
  2. ^ “couth, adj. (and n.1)”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1893.
  3. ^ “cǒuth, adj. (& n.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
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