Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laugnaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *laugniz, *laugnijaz

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *lowg-no-s, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂lewgʰ-.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑu̯ɣ.nɑz/

Adjective

*laugnaz[1]

  1. hidden

Inflection

Declension of *laugnaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *laugnaz *laugnō *laugną, *-at(ō) *laugnai *laugnôz *laugnō
accusative *laugnanǭ *laugnǭ *laugną, *-at(ō) *laugnanz *laugnōz *laugnō
genitive *laugnas, *laugnis *laugnaizōz *laugnas, *laugnis *laugnaizǫ̂ *laugnaizǫ̂ *laugnaizǫ̂
dative *laugnammai *laugnaizōi *laugnammai *laugnaimaz *laugnaimaz *laugnaimaz
instrumental *laugnanō *laugnaizō *laugnanō *laugnaimiz *laugnaimiz *laugnaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *laugnô *laugnǭ *laugnô *laugnaniz *laugnōniz *laugnōnō
accusative *laugnanų *laugnōnų *laugnô *laugnanunz *laugnōnunz *laugnōnō
genitive *laugniniz *laugnōniz *laugniniz *laugnanǫ̂ *laugnōnǫ̂ *laugnanǫ̂
dative *laugnini *laugnōni *laugnini *laugnammaz *laugnōmaz *laugnammaz
instrumental *laugninē *laugnōnē *laugninē *laugnammiz *laugnōmiz *laugnammiz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *laugnī (< *laugniz/*laugnijaz)
    • Old English: *līegne
      • ⇒ Old English: unlīegne (“undeniable, unquestionable, incontrovertible”)
  • Old Norse: laun
  • ⇒ Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌽𐍃 (analaugns)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*lauʒniz ~ *lauʒnjaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 238
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