Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lubjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *lubją (herb, poison) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlub.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*lubjaną

  1. to apply a herb or potion
  2. to heal
  3. to poison

Conjugation

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lubjō *lubjaų *lubjai ?
2nd singular *lubisi *lubjais *lubi *lubjasai *lubjaisau
3rd singular *lubiþi *lubjai *lubjaþau *lubjaþai *lubjaiþau
1st dual *lubjōs *lubjaiw
2nd dual *lubjaþiz *lubjaiþiz *lubjaþiz
1st plural *lubjamaz *lubjaim *lubjanþai *lubjainþau
2nd plural *lubiþ *lubjaiþ *lubiþ *lubjanþai *lubjainþau
3rd plural *lubjanþi *lubjain *lubjanþau *lubjanþai *lubjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *lubidǭ *lubidēdį̄
2nd singular *lubidēz *lubidēdīz
3rd singular *lubidē *lubidēdī
1st dual *lubidēdū *lubidēdīw
2nd dual *lubidēdudiz *lubidēdīdiz
1st plural *lubidēdum *lubidēdīm
2nd plural *lubidēdud *lubidēdīd
3rd plural *lubidēdun *lubidēdīn
present past
participles *lubjandz *lubidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *lubbjan
    • Old English: *lybban
      • Middle English: *libben (found in Middle English libbyng, lybbere)
    • Old Saxon: lubbian
    • Old Dutch: *lubben
    • Old High German: lubben
      • Middle High German: lüppen
  • Old Norse: lyfja
    • Icelandic: lyfja