Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/marhaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Cognate with Proto-Celtic *markos. This is generally reconstructed as being from Proto-Indo-European *márkos (“horse”), but other theories exist; see that page for further discussion.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɑr.xɑz/

Noun

*marhaz m

  1. horse
    Synonym: *ehwaz

Inflection

Declension of *marhaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *marhaz *marhōz, *marhōs
vocative *marh *marhōz, *marhōs
accusative *marhą *marhanz
genitive *marhas, *marhis *marhǫ̂
dative *marhai *marhamaz
instrumental *marhō *marhamiz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *marh
    • Old English: mearh, mear
    • Old Frisian: mar
    • Old High German: marh, march, marah
  • Old Norse: marr
  • Gothic: *𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌷𐍃 (*marhs)
  • Vandalic: *mar
  • → Proto-Finnic: *marha
    • ⇒ Proto-Finnic: *marhaminta (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*marha-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 354
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