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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *nēþlą + *-ō, Proto-Indo-European *(s)néh₁-tlo-m, from *(s)neh₁- (“to sew”) + *-tlom. Equivalent to *nēaną (“to sew”) + *-þrą + *-ō.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
*nēþlō f[1]
- needle
Inflection
The stem apparently had two Verner alternants, *nēþlō- and *nēdlō-, both still attested in West Germanic.
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *nāþlu
- Old English: nǣdl
- Middle English: nedle
- English: needle
- Scots: nedil, neidil
- Old Frisian: nēdle, nēlde
- Old Saxon: nāthla
- Middle Low German: nâdel, nâtele, nâtel, nâtle, nâlde (not found in most areas, rare elsewhere)
- Low German: Nodel, Nadel (likely to be loaned from or influenced by German)
- Plautdietsch: Notel
- Old Dutch: nālda
- Old High German: nādala, nālda
- Middle High German: nādele, nālde
- Old Norse: nál
- Icelandic: nál
- Faroese: nál
- Norwegian: nål
- Elfdalian: ną̊l
- Old Swedish: nāl
- Old Danish: naal
- Gothic: 𐌽𐌴𐌸𐌻𐌰 (nēþla)
- → Proto-Samic: *nālō (see there for further descendants)
- → Proto-Finnic: *nëkla (see there for further descendants)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*nēþlō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 388: “f. ʻneedleʼ”