Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sōkijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *séh₂gyeti, from *seh₂g- (“to seek out”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsɔː.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sōkijaną

to seek, look for

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1 j-present)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*sōkijō	*sōkijaų	—	*sōkijai	?
2nd singular	*sōkīsi	*sōkijais	*sōkī	*sōkijasai	*sōkijaisau
3rd singular	*sōkīþi	*sōkijai	*sōkijaþau	*sōkijaþai	*sōkijaiþau
1st dual	*sōkijōs	*sōkijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sōkijaþiz	*sōkijaiþiz	*sōkijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*sōkijamaz	*sōkijaim	—	*sōkijanþai	*sōkijainþau
2nd plural	*sōkīþ	*sōkijaiþ	*sōkīþ	*sōkijanþai	*sōkijainþau
3rd plural	*sōkijanþi	*sōkijain	*sōkijanþau	*sōkijanþai	*sōkijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sōhtǭ	*sōhtēdį̄
2nd singular	*sōhtēz	*sōhtēdīz
3rd singular	*sōhtē	*sōhtēdī
1st dual	*sōhtēdū	*sōhtēdīw
2nd dual	*sōhtēdudiz	*sōhtēdīdiz
1st plural	*sōhtēdum	*sōhtēdīm
2nd plural	*sōhtēdud	*sōhtēdīd
3rd plural	*sōhtēdun	*sōhtēdīn

	present	past
participles	*sōkijandz	*sōkidaz

Derived terms

Related terms

*sōkniz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *sōkijan
- Old English: sēċan, sœ̄ċan, sēċean
  - Middle English: seken
    - English: seek, seech (Lancashire and other dialects)
    - Scots: seek
    - Yola: zeek
- Old Frisian: sēka
  - Saterland Frisian: säike
  - West Frisian: sykje
- Old Saxon: sōkian
  - Middle Low German: sö̂ken
    - Low German: sooken, söken, seuken, säuken (see there for further descendants)
- Old Dutch: suoken
  - Middle Dutch: soeken
    - Dutch: zoeken
      - Afrikaans: soek
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: suku
      - Javindo: soeken
      - Negerhollands: soek, suk
      - Skepi Creole Dutch: sook
      - → Aukan: suku
      - → Kwinti: suku
      - → Saramaccan: súku
      - → Sranan Tongo: suku
    - Limburgish: zeuke
- Old High German: suohhen, suochen
  - Middle High German: suochen, süechen
    - Alemannic German: sueche, süeche (Uri)
      Alsatian: süacha
    - Bavarian: suacha, suachn
      Cimbrian: züuchan
    - Central Franconian: seeche, sieche, suche (Moselle Franconian); söke (Ripuarian, a Low Franconian relict)
      Hunsrik: suche
      Luxembourgish: sichen
    - East Central German:
      Upper Saxon German:
    - East Franconian:
    - German: suchen
    - Rhine Franconian: suche
      Frankfurterisch: [suɣ̥ə]
    - Yiddish: זוכן (zukhn)
Old Norse: sǿkja, sœkja, sækja
- Icelandic: sækja
- Faroese: søkja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: søkja, søkje
- Old Swedish: sø̄kia
  - Swedish: söka
- Old Danish: søkia, søkæ (Jutland)
  - Danish: søge
    - Norwegian Bokmål: søke
      - → Norwegian Nynorsk: søke, søka
- Old Gutnish: sykia
Gothic: 𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (sōkjan)

From pre-Proto-Germanic *sākija-:

→ Proto-Finnic: *hakëdak (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sōkjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 464

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sōkjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 464

[1]